Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Image Processing Systems are usually based on classical logic and set theory. This fact pass in case of some GIS elements because of presence of many uncertainties in the nature. Hence, these GIS elements can not be based on classical model at all time. Constantly growing demands on utilization of GISs require extension of area of their usage in the wa...

Way finding or routing has been always used by common people in navigating from one place (of origin) to another (destination). And most of them are in two dimensional routing or network. In orthogonal concept, two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) routing uses planar or non-planar graph and spatial extend, where the third dimension is used to calculate the weights for the edges in the...

There is an increasing interest in agent-oriented technology, spanning applications as diverse as information retrieval, user interface design and network management. Application of intelligent agents in the GIS environment is actively being explored. Many different types of agents are being employed to improve usability of GIS software as well as users access to geospatial data and services av...

The explosive growth in Internet-powered services has fueled the quest for finding new killer Internet-based applications. This quest has often led to applications based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS), especially in the emerging field of the Mobile Internet. Unfortunately, the traditional GIS model falls short of accommodating the requirements and needs of the Internet environment. A m...

Using as a starting point the results attained in previous curricula development initiatives in the GIS&Science domain, a prototype tool for the visualization and exploration of Geographic Information Science & Technology Body of Knowledge (GIS&T BoK) contents is presented. As suggested in the challenges launched for the second edition of the GIS&T BoK, the construction of this knowledge domain...

Today, a promising approach to large-scale interoperability in geographic information systems (GIS) is a GIS implemented via a distributed object management system (DOMS) (e.g. CORBA, Java, OLE/COM) based on a standardized spatial object model (e.g. OGIS [1]). Geographic entities are available as locationand platform-independent objects, and are accessible via their interface, i.e. their attrib...