background: immunotoxins are comprised of both the cell targeting and the cell killing moieties. we previously established a new immunotoxin, i.e. shiga toxin granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (stxa1-gm-csf), comprises of catalytic domain of stx, as a killing moiety and gm-csf, as a cell targeting moiety. in this study, the ability of the immunotoxin to induce apoptosis and doubl...

Severely impaired pulmonary microbial clearance was observed in granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)–deficient mice. To determine mechanisms by which GM-CSF mediates lung host defense, Fc R-mediated phagocytosis (opsonophagocytosis) by alveolar macrophages (AMs) was assessed in GM-CSF–sufficient (GM / ) and –deficient (GM / ) mice and in GM / mice expressing GM-CSF only in t...

The utilization of sugar beet fiber (SBF) and rice-based distillers dried grain (RB-DDG) as a source food ingredients is prime focus this short study. SBF RB-DDG are extracted from waste pulp produced in the industry grain-based distillery respectively. mixture has been given name HNFP (Healthy nutrients-rich fine powder). oven drying, grinding, mixing, mesh screening were used for preparation ...

Conceptualising the ongoing conflict over GM versus non-GM crops in the frame of property rights one can see that economic valorisation dynamics and aspirations are working on both sides, within two differently evolving agri-food paradigms, with biotechnology companies propagating intellectual property rights on seeds and crops within a productivist strategy, and with retailer chains, NGOs, far...

Abstract The US National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard mandates disclosures on foods containing genetically modified (GM) ingredients, while allowing voluntary non‐GM claims to coexist in the marketplace. Using cross‐sectional survey data, accounting for error term correlation and controlling demographic variability, we describe types of GM food labels seen by respondents quantify asso...