Rapid technological changes, shortened product life cycle, limited resources, and increasingly intensive competition have forced many companies to source and develop their technology and innovation capability quickly and externally. “Successful organizations are constantly seeking ways to foster innovation and new product or service development” (Kennedy, Payne, & Whitehead, 2002, p.149), espec...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequencies and percentages of various clinicoradiologic variables of tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) with reference to British Medical Research Council (BMRC) staging of the disease. STUDY DESIGN A case series. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Neurology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, from October 2010 to September 2011. METHODOLOGY The stu...

BACKGROUND The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) can be extremely difficult in the absence of culture confirmation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) adenosine deaminase (ADA) can potentially assist in this regard, although its current value remains unclear. The literature on the usefulness of CSF ADA in TBM diagnosis is inconsistent, especially from an analytical point of view. METHODS A ret...

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is the most common form of central nervous system tuberculosis with a very poor prognosis. We aimed at assessing risk factors related to the prognosis of patients with TBM.Forty-five inpatients with TBM in our institution from January 2013 to December 2015 were enrolled retrospectively. The good or poor prognosis in the patients was defined, based on Glasgow Outcome...

Cellular and extracellular (tubular basement membrane, TBM) alterations in the proteoglycans (PGs) of the rat renal tubules in diphenylthiazole-induced cystic disease were investigated. The PGs of normal and cystic kidneys were labeled with [35S]sulfate in an organ-perfusion system. Extracted cellular and TBM PGs were characterized by Sepharose CL-6B chromatography before or after treatment wit...

Two unique nucleotide probes for human tracheobronchial mucin glycoprotein (TBM) were generated via polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers deduced from the TBM:TR-3A tryptic peptide sequence and were used to isolate a 3.6 kilobase cDNA, clone NP3a, from a human nasal polyp cDNA library. Clone NP3a was localized to chromosome 11 and contained a 3168 nucleotide open reading frame which...

We introduce an automatic method that we call tract-based morphometry, or TBM, for measurement and analysis of diffusion MRI data along white matter fiber tracts. Using subject-specific tractography bundle segmentations, we generate an arc length parameterization of the bundle with point correspondences across all fibers and all subjects, allowing tract-based measurement and analysis. In this p...

Initiation of an autoimmune tubulointerstitial disease was achieved in strain XIII guinea pigs by passive transfer of functionally pure IgG1 or IgG2 fractions of isologous anti-tubular basement membrane (TBM) serum. IgG2 appeared to be somewhat more effective than IgG1. The immunopathologic features in the IgG1 and IgG2 recipients were similar at the time of sacrifice, 14 days after transfer. T...

Tracheobronchomalacia is a form of expiratory central airway collapse characterized by softening of the airway wall cartilaginous structures. Symptoms often mimic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary function test results may suggest a diagnosis, but findings are neither sensitive nor specific. Bronchoscopy and novel dynamic radiographic studies contribute to the diagnosi...

Histomorphometry is useful in the assessment of trabecular bone mass (TBM), and thus, in the estimation of the prevalence and intensity of osteopenia in ancient population groups. However, it is a destructive method. It is therefore necessary to explore the accuracy of nondestructive approaches, such as radiography, bone mineral density (BMD) assessed by double-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA...