BACKGROUND In the past few decades, global climate change has accentuated the intensification of aridization in South-Western Romania, with direct and indirect consequences on the quality of forest ecosystems. In addition to qualitative deterioration, the quantitative changes brought about by intensive anthropic deforestation have created the conditions for a decline in the size of forest areas...

The orang-utan could be virtually extinct within five years after it was discovered that the animal’s rainforest habitat is being destroyed even more rapidly than had been predicted five years ago. A United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report has found that illegal logging and fires have been overtaken as the primary cause of deforestation by a huge expansion in oil palm plantations, wh...

شاخص سطح برگ استخراج‌شده (LAI) از تصاویر سنجش دور پارامتر مهمی، به‌منظور مدل‌سازی مکانی تولید پوشش گیاهی، محسوب می‌شود. معمولاً شاخص‌های گیاهی که با بازتاب طول موج‌های قرمز و مادون نزدیک محاسبه می‌شوند، در برآورد LAI استفاده روش‌های آماری، به‌کار می‌روند اما بسیاری این شاخص‌ها مقادیر متفاوت به اشباع می‌رسند. برای رفع محدودیت، محدودة لبة شده است؛ بنابراین، باید قابلیت داده‌های دور، ذرت علوفه‌ای، ...

St. Martin’s Island is a small sedimentary island situated at the southernmost part of Bangladesh (20°37.6′ N and 92°19.3′ E). The surrounded by rocky reefs composed Neogene bedrock consisting moderately hard soft sandstones conglomerates belonging to Tipam Sandstone (Islam in J Univ Sheffield Geol Soc 7:269–275, 1980). are covered fields conglomerate boulders calcareous concretions that provid...

Fisheries in the North Atlantic, southeast Atlantic, and eastern central Atlantic reached their maximum production levels one or two decades ago and are now showing a declining trend in total catches (1). The declining catches are consistent with observations that these areas have the highest incidence of overexploited stocks, depleted stocks or slowly recovering stocks that have been depleted ...