Today, the goal of many organizations is to optimize their business processes. A factor for optimization is the reduction of costs associated with mass production and customer service, e.g., by the mean of batch processing. In business process management, batch activities allow to improve the process performance by synchronizing the execution of a set of process instances. However, the issue of...

Column leaching testing can be considered a better basis for assessing field impact data than any other available batch test method and thus provides a fundamental basis from which to estimate constituent release under a variety of field conditions. However, column testing is time-intensive compared to the more simplified batch testing, and may not always be a viable option when making decision...

The cost of fermentable sugars added as a substrate is one major problem for economic lactic acid (LA) production. Old oil palm trunks (OPT) squeezed sap, the agricultural wastes on replanting and pruning (Elaeis guineensis), contained mainly glucose fructose potential feedstock to use vast carbon source LA To improve yield productivity, various fermentation modes were performed by Lactobacillu...

In most production-inventory systems, the products are transferred from the production centre to the inventory (warehouse) in subbatchs rather than one at a time. In this paper, mathematical models of such systems for both deterministic and stochastic cases of demand are developed and analysed. Comparison of these new models with the EBQ model shows a considerable loss when applying the ru...

background: the modeling aims to simulate or optimize a process in physical, chemical or biological environments and the derived model will provide a considerable assistance to generate data and predict unknown condition, in case of sufficient suitability. unsuitable disposal and elimination of waste tires have polluted the environment and human life areas, it also have caused removal of a huge...

the adsorption study was conducted on three japanese soils with different soil properties to characterize the adsorption pattern of arsenic (as). double tube method was used to find out the effect of soil moisture levels on as adsorption. for this study, besides double tube method, conventional batch method also was used. the as adsorption showed two phase kinetics. an initial and rapid adsorpt...

Current pharmacokinetic (PK) bioequivalence guidelines do not account for batch-to-batch variability in study design or analysis. Here we evaluate the magnitude of batch-to-batch PK variability for Advair Diskus 100/50. Single doses of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol combinations were administered by oral inhalation to healthy subjects in a randomized clinical crossover study comparing th...

A batch machine is a machine that can process up to c jobs simultaneously as a batch, and the processing time of the batch is equal to the longest processing time of the jobs assigned to it. In this paper, we deal with the complexity of scheduling an unbounded batch machine, i.e., c = +∞. We prove that minimizing total tardiness is binary NP-hard, which has been an open problem in the literatur...