عاطقلا طبر ي يذ لا ة يبرهكلا ىو قلا ماظنل يكيمانيدلارارقتسلال ةضيفتسم ةيلمع ةسارد ثحبلا اذه مدقي ني ب ة لوقنملا ةرد قلا ةدا يز ى لع ك لذ ريثأ ت و ةيدوعس لا ءا برهآ ةآر ش ن م ط سولأا عا طقلا و يقرش لا نيعاطقلا ، ىوقلا مظن تاتبثم طبض للاخ نم كلذو . دقل شم ةغايص مت ةلك طبض ةروص ىف تاتبثملا هذه ةلثمأ ةلكشم . ماظنلا ءادأ نيسحتل ك لذو ةدر فنملا ماظنلا ميق ىلع نادمتعت فده يتلاد حارتقا مت دقلو . د قلو ...

يفكي هنأ نيبن ،ثحبلا اذه يف ةيقفأ حئارش تاطاقسإ هيمسن ام لثم باسحلا ةلهس ملاعم مادختسا ايلآ ةعوبطملا فورحلا ىلع يئوضلا فرعتلا ةلأسم ةءافكب لحت يكل ةيسأرو . ةرجش مادختساب فرعتلا متي حاجنلا لدعم ةدايزل ىرخأ تافاضإ عم ةدمعأو فوفص فذحو ميعنتو عوجر تايلآب ةموعدم رارق . و مدختسن ماظنلا بيردتل طخ نم زومر Times New Roman . دق فذحلاو ميعنتلاو عوجرلا ليعفت نإ لاًدعم ققح حجان اً زواجت 98 % نم لقأ فرعت نمزب ...

هدف: RNA های غیرکدکننده از جمله مولکول تنظیم شناخته شده در سلول می باشند که فرایندهای مختلفی را کنترل کنند. مرتبط با مزبور، رشد و نمو تمایز سلولی باشد. این رو نقش آنها بروز تومور سرطان مختلف دست بررسی خصوص ارتباط مستقیمی بین ملکول مزبور دیده است. انواع غیر کد کننده ها، بلند (Long non-coding RNAs) باشند. گروه RNAها به‫عنوان کننده‌های کلیدی شده‫اند. ازجمله LncRNA MIAT یکRNA می‌باشد تقش انکوژنی آن...

The Social Impact of Globalization in the Developing Countries In this paper an ex-post measurable definition of globalization has been used, namely increasing trade openness and FDI. A general result is that the optimistic HeckscherOhlin/Stolper-Samuelson predictions do not apply, that is neither employment creation nor the decrease in within-country inequality are automatically assured by inc...

This paper presents a model of nation formation in which culturally heterogeneous agents vote on the optimal level of public spending. Larger nations beneÞt from increasing returns in the provision of public goods, but bear the costs of greater cultural heterogeneity. This tradeoff induces agents’ preferences over different geographical conÞgurations, thus determining the likelihood of secessio...

We examine in detail the circumstances under which reciprocity, as defined in Bagwell and Staiger (1999), leads to fixed world prices. We show that a change of tariffs satisfying reciprocity does not necessarily imply constant world prices in a world of many goods and countries. While it is possible to find tariff reforms that are consistent with both reciprocity and constant world prices (as B...

This paper provides a set of empirical tests of the cross-sectional variation of stock volatility and investablility, where investability is defined as the degree to which a stock is accessible to foreigners. Unlike previous studies, which focus on market volatility and market return, we study the relationship between individual stock return volatility and its investablility. Our findings have ...

This paper examines the relationship between regional economic integration and FDI in North America, where two RIAs have been established over the past decade: a bilateral free trade agreement between Canada and the U.S. (CUSTA) and a trilateral agreement (NAFTA) incorporating Mexico as well. The North American experiences suggest substantially more modest impacts of regional trade agreements o...

The institutional structure of global commodity chains and cross-border production networks has a profound impact on how the benefits of globalized production are distributed. This paper engages with this issue by developing a model that combines the insights of earlier unequal exchange theorists and new work on global commodity chains to clarify the distributive dynamics of the expansion of lo...