In this paper, we propose a new early termination method (ETM) for Luby transform (LT) belief propagation (BP) decoder. The proposed ETM, which we call least reliable messages (LRM), observes only sign alterations of a small cluster in log-likelihood ratio (LLR) messages passing between nodes in BP decoder. Simulation results and complexity analyzes show that LRM significantly lower computation...

One of the most important parameters to develop and manage urban areas is appropriate selection of land surface to develop green spaces in these areas. In this study, in order to identify the most appropriate sites and areas cultivated for ornamental species in Jiroft, Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) images due to extract the most important effective climatic and adaphic parameters...

Coal fires cause severe environmental and economic problems worldwide. In the current paper we analyse the potential of the experimental bi-spectral infrared detection (BIRD) small satellite to register coal fire related spectral radiances and we present BIRD data acquired over two coal fire areas in Northern China. Based on field observations of coal fires in the investigated areas, we visuall...

Desertification is a worldwide concern and the assessment of aeolian desertification has become one hotspot in global ecosystem research. In this paper, hyperspectral data acquired from modular OMIS-I imaging spectrometer, combined with ETM data and field survey data, was used to assess the aeolian desertification in Korqin Sand, Inner Mongolia, China by pixel-level. The results indicated that ...

The interaction between noncoding endogenous target mimicry (eTM) and its corresponding microRNA (miRNA) is a newly discovered regulatory mechanism and plays pivotal roles in various biological processes in plants. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) is a model plant for studying secondary metabolite alkaloids, of which nicotine accounts for approximately 90%. In this work, we identified four unique to...

Remote sensing indices of burn area and fire severity have been developed and tested for forest ecosystems, but not sparsely vegetated, desert shrub-steppe in which large wildfires are a common occurrence and a major issue for land management. We compared the performance of remote sensing indices for detecting burn area and fire severity with extensive ground-based cover assessments made before...

Hyperion, a hyperspectral sensor, and the Advanced Land Imager (ALI) are carried on NASA’s EO-1 satellite. The Evaluation and Validation of EO-1 for Sustainable Development (EVEOSD) is our project supporting the EO-1 mission. With 10% of the world’s forests and the second largest country by area in the world, Canada has a natural requirement for effective monitoring of its forests. Eight test s...

The elevated T-maze (ETM) is an apparatus derived from the elevated plus-maze test, which is used to evaluate anxiety. Because anxiety is a biasing factor in models of memory, this study proposed the ETM as a task for the simultaneous assessment of memory and anxiety in mice. The ETM consists of one enclosed and two open arms. The procedure is based on the avoidance of open spaces learned durin...