a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t A priori SNR A posteriori SNR SNR cells Spectral distortion Most speech enhancement methods based on short-time spectral modification are generally expressed as a spectral gain depending on the estimate of the local signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on each frequency bin. Several studies have analyzed the performance of a priori SNR estimation algorithms to impro...

28 Deep brain stimulation (DBS) employing high frequency stimulation (HFS) is commonly used in the globus 29 pallidus interna (GPi) and the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for treating motor symptoms of patients with 30 Parkinson’s disease (PD). While DBS improves motor function in most PD patients, disease progression and 31 stimulation-induced non-motor complications limit DBS in these areas. In th...

BACKGROUND The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) is a major output nucleus of the basal ganglia, delivering inhibitory efferents to the relay nuclei of the thalamus. Pathological hyperactivity of SNr neurons is known to be responsible for some motor disorders e.g. in Parkinson's disease. One way to restore this pathological activity is to electrically stimulate one of the SNr input, the ex...

The GABAergic projection neurons in the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) are key basal ganglia output neurons. The activity of these neurons is critically influenced by the glutamatergic projection from the subthalamic nucleus (STN). The SNr also receives an intense serotonin (5-HT) innervation, raising the possibility that 5-HT may regulate the STN→SNr glutamatergic transmission and the ...

distribution of magnetic fields in the quiet-sun internetwork areas has been affected by weak polarization (in particular stokes q and u) signals. to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (snr) of the weak polarization signals, several approaches, including temporal integrations, have been proposed in the literature. in this study, we aim to investigate a proper temporal-integration time with which...

background and aim: with regard to the shortage of proper materials in persian for the evaluation of speech perception in children, this study aimed to develop the persian version of the bkb sentence test, and determine its content validity in normal persian speaking children aged 6-12 years. methods: this study was an applied research. the study procedure comprised sentence construction, deter...

background and aim: digits are suitable materials for hearing assessment of wide range of patients including children and adults with various language abilities. single monosyllabic 1-10 digits in triplet formant have been used for measuring speech recognition threshold in signal-to-noise ratio. the purpose of this study was to determine signal-to-noise ratio (snr) needed for 50 percent correct...

We investigate the issue of distributed receiver cooperation in a multiple-relay network with memoryless independent fading channels, where the channel state information can’t be obtained. The received signals at distributed receiving nodes are first compressed or quantized before being sent to the decoder via rate-limited cooperation channels for joint processing. We focus on the low SNR regim...