BACKGROUND Macrovascular diseases (MVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often considered all together, without discriminating the areas involved. The aim of our study was to analyse MVD prevalence in a large population of T2DM patients by dividing the cases into subgroups according to MVD sites (NMVD, no MVD; NSCS, non-significant carotid stenosis; CBVD, cerebrovascular disease; CAD, cor...

PURPOSE The present study aimed to describe clinical characteristics of patients with posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), to determine the prevalence of retinal tears in PVD patients, and to find predictors for retinal tears in this patient group. METHODS Retrospective analysis of medical records on patients diagnosed with PVD, retinal tears, or vitreous hemorrhage at the Department of Ophth...

ABSTRACT The addition of 0.1 mM FeCl(3) to a defined culture medium induces the bacterial epiphyte Pseudomonas fluorescens strain A506 (A506) to produce an antibiotic toxic to the fire blight pathogen, Erwinia amylovora. Consequently, because A506 is registered and applied as a commercial product to suppress E. amylovora before floral infection of pear and apple, the relative availability of ir...

The biological availability of iron in the rhizosphere was assessed by evaluating ice nucleation activity (INA) expressed in situ by Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 containing a transcriptional fusion (pvd-inaZ) of an iron-regulated promoter to an ice nucleation reporter gene (inaZ). Pf-5 containing pvd-inaZ expresses INA that is inversely related to the iron availability of a growth medium (J. E....

OBJECTIVES To compare pulse oximetry and Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) with duplex ultrasonography as reference standard to determine the diagnostic accuracy for screening asymptomatic PVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 at tertiary hospital in Madurai among diabetic patients attending the medicine outpatient department (OPD). Type 2 Diabetes...

The pixel-value differencing (PVD) steganography can embed a large amount of secret bits into a still image with high imperceptibility as it makes use of the characteristics of human vision sensitivity. However, a loophole exists in the PVD method. Unusual steps in the histogram of pixel differences reveal the presence of a secret message. An analyst can even estimate the length of hidden bits ...

In most steganographic methods, increasing in the capacity leads to decrease in the quality of the stego-image, so in this paper, we propose to combine two existing techniques, Pixelvalue differencing (PVD) and Gray Level Modification (GLM), to come up with a hybrid steganography scheme which can hide more information without having to compromise much on the quality of the stego-image. Experime...

PURPOSE To demonstrate the efficacy of microplasmin in inducing posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and to evaluate the human and the feline retina after treatment. METHODS Thirteen human donor eyes were injected with 62.5, 125, or 188 micro g microplasmin. The 13 fellow eyes received balanced salt solution. Four of the microplasmin-treated eyes received an additional intravitreal gas injecti...