Ionospheric scintillation has a great impact on radio propagation and electronic system performance, thus is extensively studied currently. The influence of scintillation on Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is particularly evident, making GNSS an effective medium to study characteristics of scintillation. Ionospheric scintillation varies greatly in relation with temporal and spatial di...

A versatile GNSS signal simulation tool for time-domain simulations at sample-level with a focus on wave propagation effects, such as multipath or atmospheric disturbances, is introduced. The Satellite Navigation Radio Channel Signal Simulator (SNACS) uses a modular, object-oriented approach implemented in C++. The application is thoroughly designed in a multi-threaded way to provide highly acc...

Applications based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), in combination with different communication systems, have significantly helped to increase safety, efficiency and system capacity of operations in different modes of transportation. Here railway transport is no exception, although the number of applications based on GNSS has been considerably behind the number of those used in...

The principle of mobile mapping is to combine some surveying techniques with results coming from a navigation apparatus. In this context there is a tendency to try to use cheaper and simpler devices, particularly for GNSS receivers. At the same time there is an increasing diffusion of reference networks of permanent GNSS stations. In this paper we investigate to what extent the differential pos...

The Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Observatory will be a climate benchmarking mission intended to include instruments for measuring Earth’s atmospheric refractivity by GNSS radio occultation (RO), high spectral resolution thermal infrared spectra emitted from the Earth, and the spectrally resolved reflected shortwave spectrum. Climate benchmarking is necessary to establish a record ...

Information on sea level and its changes are important in connection to global climate change processes. For centuries, sea level has been observed with coastal tide gauges and since some decades with satellite altimetry. Furthermore, during recent years the application of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) reflectometry, also known as GNSS-R, for sea level observations has been develope...

Many of the “new paradigms in mining” and notions of “sustainable mining” have at their core the requirement for reliable, continuous centimetre-level positioning accuracy to enable increased automation of mining operations. The deployment of precision systems for navigating, controlling and monitoring machinery such as drills, dozers, draglines and shovels with real time position information i...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are often used to localize a receiver with respect to a given map. This association problem, also known as map-matching, is usually addressed using estimated positions computed by the GNSS receiver. This paper focus on the use of GNSS raw data (L1 pseudo-measurements) and cartographic data provided by a digital road network. Using the positioning resid...

For developing a free radical-quenched surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probe, starch, a linear molecule, was used as a protective layer to coat gold nanoshells (GNSs) as enhancement substrates and then, methylene blue (MB) was absorbed on the starch-coated GNSs as a free radical-responsive element. By detecting the change of the SERS intensity of MB on GNSs, the free radical-quenched S...

The extreme weakness of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals makes them vulnerable to almost every kind of interferences that, without adequate countermeasures, can heavily compromise the receiver performance. An effective solution is represented by time-frequency (TF) analysis that has proved to be able to detect and suppress a wide class of disturbing signals. However, high compu...