The aim of the present study was to measure mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (NFIkBα) in eye tissues of dogs by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These factors are involved in the maintenance of homeostasis and in inflammation. Additionally, they are target for anti...

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine the effect of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibition on endothelial function in subjects with type 1 diabetes analyzed on the basis of renal filtration status. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was determined in type 1 diabetic subjects and hyperfiltration (glomerular filtration rate >or=135 ml/min/1.73 m(2), n = 13) or normofiltration (glom...

An inducible program of inflammatory gene expression is central to antimicrobial defenses. This response is controlled by a collaboration involving signal-dependent activation of transcription factors, transcriptional co-regulators, and chromatin-modifying factors. We have identified a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that acts as a key regulator of this inflammatory response. Pattern recognition re...

BACKGROUND In the Western world, a major cause of blindness is age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Recent research in angiogenesis has furthered the understanding of choroidal neovascularization, which occurs in the "wet" form of AMD. In contrast, very little is known about the mechanisms of the predominant, "dry" form of AMD, which is characterized by retinal atrophy and choroidal involuti...

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) induces hypophagia, which can be reduced by cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors. Earlier studies with COX knockout (COXko) mice suggested that COX2 was more important for hypophagia than COX1. However, behavioral responses occur long before COX2 is induced. Hypophagia was assessed in mice by measuring the intake of sweetened milk in a brief period. The intake was reduced within...

objective(s): fluvoxamine is a well-known selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (ssri); despite its anti-inflammatory effect, little is known about the precise mechanisms involved. in our previous work, we found that ip administration of fluvoxamine produced a noticeable anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of fluvoxa...

We selected for increased phenotypic expression of a synthetic cox2::arg8m-G66S reporter gene inserted into Saccharomyces cerevisiae mtDNA in place of COX2. Recessive mutations in ras2 and cyr1, as well as elevated dosage of PDE2, allowed cox2::arg8m-G66S to support Arg prototrophy. Each of these genetic alterations should decrease cellular cAMP levels. The resulting signal was transduced throu...

In this first comparative in vitro study, linoleyl hydroxamic acid (LHA), a simple and stable derivative of linoleic acid, was tested as an inhibitor of several enzymes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism in mammals. The tested enzymes were human recombinant 5-lipoxygenase (h5-LO), porcine leukocyte 12-LO, rabbit reticulocyte 15-LO, ovine cyclooxygenases 1/2 (COX1/COX2), and human microsoma...

Early inhibition of inflammation suppresses the carcinogenic process. Aspirin is the most commonly used non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and it irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 (COX1, COX2). Multiple randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that aspirin offers substantial protection from colon cancer mortality. The lower aspirin doses causing only minimal gastroint...