The purpose of the study was to increase the dissolution and bioavailability of BCS class II drug, paliperidone by amorphization. The technique that was evaluated for preparing amorphous paliperidone (PAL) was Hot Melt Extrusion (HME). In case of hot melt extrusion process, copovidone was used essentially as a hydrophilic polymer with plasticizers like PEG (6000 and 20000), stearic acid and cet...

Species-specific changes in expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and lignin content were detected in roots of soybean (Glycine max L.) and lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) seedlings treated with different concentrations of cadmium (Cd(2+), 0-25 mg/l) or lead (Pb(2+), 0-350 mg/l). The stimulatory effect of both metals was observed in mRNA coding for PAL in soybean. In the case of lupine, ch...

Background and Objective: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is among the epidemic metabolic chronic diseases that attenuates physiological functions, including hematopoiesis and immune responses, developing a higher risk of COVID-19 incidence. This study purposed to study the association of physical activity level (PAL) with the COVID-19 incidence in patients with T2DM. Materials and Methods: Al...

The aim of the study was to assess the involvement of apoptotic factors, cytokeratins and metalloproteinase-9 in the histogenesis of both Epithelialized Gingival Lesions (EGL) and Periapical Lesions (PAL). 55 consecutive patients, 30 with PAL and 25 with EGL, were selected for the study after clinical and radiological examinations. The PAL patients had severe periapical lesions and tooth decay ...

According to the report of the World Health Organization (1985), total energy expenditure (TEE) in human subjects can be calculated as BMR x physical activity level (PAL). However, other reports have pointed out limitations in the suggested procedure related to the % body fat of the subjects. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the World Health Organization (1985) procedure in thir...

BACKGROUND A vicious circle of decreased physical fitness, early fatigue, and low physical activity levels (PAL) is thought to affect children with cerebral palsy (CP). However, the relationship of changes in physical fitness to changes in PAL and fatigue is unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the associations among changes in physical fitness, walking-related PA...

In this paper, we evaluated the anti-Helicobacter pylori activity and the possible inhibitory effect on its associated urease by Palmatine (Pal) from Coptis chinensis, and explored the potential underlying mechanism. Results indicated that Pal exerted inhibitory effect on four tested H. pylori strains (ATCC 43504, NCTC 26695, SS1 and ICDC 111001) by the agar dilution test with minimum inhibitor...

It has been reported that among drugs with mixed actions on central nervous system monoamine systems, increased serotonergic activity is associated with decreased potency as a reinforcer. The present experiment was designed to examine this relationship for amphetamine analogs that varied in serotonin releasing potency and to evaluate whether serotonergic actions can affect reinforcing efficacy....