BACKGROUND An anterior decompression and fusion (ADF) with the floating method is an effective procedure for treating ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), allowing a direct decompressive effect on the spinal cord. However, the procedure is skill-intensive, particularly in cases of OPLL with a high canal-occupying ratio. In such cases, there are potential risks for insuffi...

Microfilaments perform essential functions in eukaryotic cells, being responsible, in conjunction with other cytoskeletal elements, for the structural integrity of the cell and also for many of the cellular movements, including muscle contraction, cytokinesis, cytoplasmic streaming, and phagocytosis. The structural versatility of microfilaments is mediated by actin-binding proteins (Hartwig and...

Environmental contamination with aircraft de-icing fluids (ADF) is becoming a concern. Propylene glycol (PG) composes the largest fraction of the ADF most commonly in use in the U.S. The biodegradation of PG and ADF in saturated and unsaturated sand columns was evaluated, in addition to the impact of biodegradation on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the porous media. In studies with unsatur...

Caecal microbial activity, digestion and gut health were analysed in the young rabbit, in response to fibre substitution by starch, in diets with high proportions of rapidly fermentable polysaccharides (pectins+hemicelluloses:acid-detergent fibre (ADF) ratio of 1.7). A range of five diets corresponding to a 60 % linear reduction of the ADF level (230 to 92 g ADF/kg) without changes in the fibre...

Although esophageal extrusa is the most readily accepted representation of forage consumed by grazing ruminants, esophageal sampling is demanding from the standpoint of animal care and maintenance and extrusa processing. This experiment was conducted with a split-plot design to evaluate the effects of pasture type, pasture sampling technique and drying method on estimation of grazed forage comp...

هدف: این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر آموزش برنامه هوش موفق استرنبرگ بر افزایش خلاقیت و تحمل ابهام دانش‌­آموزان انجام شد. روش: روش ­آزمایشی طرح پیش ­آزمون پس پیگیری گروه کنترل بود. جامعۀ آماری را 15842 نفر ازدانش‌­آموزان پسر کلاس چهارم در سال تحصیلی1399-1400 شهر اصفهان تشکیل دادند که30 نمونه‌­گیری تصادفی چند مرحله­‌ای انتخاب به صورت دو آزمایش (15 نفر) گمارده شدند. ده جلسه برنامه‌­ی دریافت نمود. داده­...

Adult T cell leukemia-derived factor (ADF) is a human thioredoxin (Trx) and is a disulfide reducing protein with various biological functions. We found that expression of the ADF/Trx gene was increased by oxidative agents such as hydrogen peroxide, diamide and menadione in Jurkat cells. Analysis using a CAT expression vector plasmid under the control of the ADF/Trx gene promoter revealed that C...

The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has complex, naturally variable behavioral responses to environmental oxygen, food, and other animals. C. elegans detects oxygen through soluble guanylate cyclase homologs (sGCs) and responds to it differently depending on the activity of the neuropeptide receptor NPR-1: npr-1(lf) and naturally isolated npr-1(215F) animals avoid high oxygen and aggregate in t...

Identification of actin-depolymerizing factor homology (ADF-H) domains in the structures of several related proteins led first to the formation of the ADF/cofilin family, which then expanded to the ADF/cofilin superfamily. This superfamily includes the well-studied cofilin-1 (Cfl-1) and about a dozen different human proteins that interact directly or indirectly with the actin cytoskeleton, prov...

We investigate the performance of adaptive decode-forward (ADF), amplify-forward (AF), and hybrid decode-amplify-forward (HDAF) relaying protocol. Specifically, we derive the closed-form expression of symbol error probability (SEP) for these three relaying protocols. For the AF protocol, we derive a simpler and more tractable final result than previously published work. Furthermore, analyzing t...