OBJECTIVE 58-kilodalton inhibitor of protein kinase (P58(IPK)) plays an important role in preventing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. It is an interferon-induced kinase that targets the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha. The aim of this study was to determine the roles of P58(IPK) in protecting against diabetic retinopathy (DR) by inhibiting ER stre...

BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is associated with angiogenesis and disruption of hepatic vascular architecture. Yiguanjian (YGJ) decoction, a prescription from traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treating liver diseases. We studied whether YGJ or its ingredients (iYGJ) had an anti-angiogenic effect and explored possible mechanisms underlying this process. METHODS Cirrhosis was induced with...

OBJECTIVE Toxicity of intense light to facilitate the development of neovascular age-related macular degeneration has been a health concern although the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Effects of intense, but within physiological range, light on retinal pigment epithelium, a major pathogenic origin of age-related macular degeneration were studied in mice. Intense physiological ...

AIMS To report a case of wet age-related macular degeneration (wet-AMD) refractory to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy in a patient who showed visual and anatomical improvement and stabilization after starting a subcutaneous treatment course with adalimumab, an anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) drug, for concomitant Crohn's disease. METHODS Obser...

Background: The pathogenesis of many diseases is correlated to irregularity in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Results from several association studies show that variation in the level of VEGF expression is related to polymorphic sequences within the VEGF gene. Additionally, there are many studies showing that some gene polymorphisms significantly influence the pharmacokin...

This work is based on previous evidence showing that chemotactic sequence of the urokinase receptor (uPAR(88-92)) drives angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo in a protease-independent manner, and that the peptide Ac-Arg-Glu-Arg-Phe-NH(2) (RERF) prevents both uPAR(88-92)- and VEGF-induced angiogenesis. New N-acetylated and C-amidated peptide analogues containing α-methyl α-amino acids were designed...

Background: The functional longevity of ovarian transplant at present is one of the most challenging questions regarding ovary transplantation. So, we used hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel scaffold with combination of VEGF and bFGF for restoration of cyclical ovarian function after ovarian tissue transplantation in a rat model. Materials and Methods: A total of 25 Wistar female rats weighing betwe...

background: the pathogenesis of many diseases is correlated to irregularity in vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf) expression. results from several association studies show that variation in the level of vegf expression is related to polymorphic sequences within the vegf gene. additionally, there are many studies showing that some gene polymorphisms significantly influence the pharmacokin...