The present study has investigated the therapeutic potential of a type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, rolipram, in experimental lung injury. Acute lung injury was induced in the mouse by combined treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 mg/kg, i.v.) and zymosan (3 mg/kg, i.v.), and assessed using extravascular albumin accumulation; neutrophil sequestration in pulmonary capillaries was a...

The phagocytic receptor for unopsonized Pseudomonas aeruginosa was characterized functionally using human monocyte-derived macrophages. Freshly isolated human peripheral blood monocytes were unable to ingest unopsonized P. aeruginosa; ingestion did not occur until the cells had been in culture for 2 d and it became maximal after 4 d. Macrophages plated on coverslips derivatized with anti-BSA Ig...

Adult rats were subjected sequentially to (1) administration of colloidal carbon, zymosan, or gadolinium; (2) subtotal hepatectomy, bilateral nephrectomy, or sham operation; and (3) a 6-hr bout of hypoxia, starting 1 hr or 24 hr after the operation. Control animals received the respective vehicles. The erythropoietin (Ep) activity was assayed in exhypoxic polycythemic mice on the basis of 48-hr...

Human recombinant lipocortins (LCT) 1 and 5 have been expressed in a yeast secretion vector and purified by ion exchange chromatography. The action of the proteins has been investigated in two models of experimental acute inflammation in the rat: carrageenin induced paw oedema and zymosan induced pleurisy. The effects of the proteins on PGE(2) release in vitro by rat macrophages stimulated with...

The lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence generation by guinea-pig isolated tracheal two rings preparations was studied. Tracheal preparations stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or opsonized zymosan generated chemiluminescence. The total amount of chemiluminescence generated in 120 min was 754+/-63 mV x min for PMA and 4832+/-396 mV x min for zymosan. Generation of chemiluminescenc...

The sub-cellular and humoral concentrations of a collectin-like protein from the solitary tunicate, Styela plicata, were measured after in vivo challenge with the inflammatory agent, zymosan. Tunicates were injected with zymosan before hemocytes and serum were harvested, subjected to western blotting and immunostained with an anti-S. plicata collectin antibody to determine the relative titers o...

Two isochinoline alkaloids, glaucine and oxoglaucine were investigated for their suggested anti-inflammatory influence concerning nitric oxide and cytokine production. Mouse peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with different Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands such as LPS for TLR4, zymosan for TLR2 and CpG for TLR9. The alkaloids inhibited TNF-alpha and IL-6 production induced by these ligands....

We examined the effect of substances released by swine alveolar macrophages (AMs) on ionic currents in airway submucosal gland cells (SGCs). AMs obtained by lavage were activated by 24-h zymosan exposure (0.1 mg/ml). Supernatant was collected and used to stimulate short-circuit current changes (DeltaI(SC)) in SGC monolayers in Ussing chambers. Dexamethasone (1 microM) or indomethacin (5 muM) du...

We studied the capacity of cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages to generate superoxide anion (O(2-)), the initial product of conversion of oxygen to microbicidal species, during phagocytosis of opsonized zymosan or upon contact with the membrane-active agent phorbel myristate acetate (PMA). Macrophages from mice infected with Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) or injected intraperitoneally with thi...