esl/efl books play a crucial role in shaping language learners worldview of gender roles in society. the present study investigated the status of sexism in two sets of efl textbooks, one developed by non-native iranian authors (ili series) and the other by native authors (top notch series). first, two books from each series was selected randomly. then, a quantitative analysis was carried out wi...

این مطالعه در سال 1389 در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تیمار آبیاری کامل (fi) و آبیاری ناقص ریشه در دو سطح 75% (prd75) و %55 (prd55) و با سه تکرار جهت تعیین روند تغییرات ec و دما در محدوده ریشه گیاه ذرت در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری انجام شده است. نتایج حاکی از وجود یک رابطه خطی با ضریب همبستگی بالا بین میزان ec و دمای خاک با تغییرات رطوبت و یک رابطه نمایی بین تغییرا...

the aim of this study has been to find answers for the following questions: 1. what is the effect of immediate correction on students pronunciation errors? 2. what would be the effect of teaching the more rgular patterns of english pronunciation? 3. is there any significant difference between the two methods of dealing with pronuciation errore, i. e., correction and the teaching of the regular ...

the present study aimed at investigating the relationship between iranian efl teachers’ classroom management orientations and their teaching styles. additionally, the difference between male and female teachers’ teaching styles and classroom management orientations and their relationship with experience and age were explored. three hundred efl teachers filled in attitudes and beliefs on classro...

the rationale behind the present study is that particular learning strategies produce more effective results when applied together. the present study tried to investigate the efficiency of the semantic-context strategy alone with a technique called, keyword method. to clarify the point, the current study seeked to find answer to the following question: are the keyword and semantic-context metho...

بحران آب یکی مهمترین معضلات جهان امروز در بسیاری از کشورهای دنیا می باشد. این در حالی است که بخش زیادی از منابع آب شیرین در بخش کشاورزی مصرف می شود. مصرف بی رویه آب در بخش کشاورزی، علاوه بر تشدید معضل بحران آب، زمینه آبشویی املاحی چون نیترات از محدوده ریشه و آلودگی آبخوانها به مقادیر خطرساز آنها را فراهم می آورد. بهبود شیوه های مدیریتی در زمینه آبیاری می تواند راهکاری مناسب برای کنترل هر دو معض...

in fact this study is concerned with the relationship between the variation in thematice structure and the comprehension of spoken language. so the study focused on the following questions: 1. is there any relationship between thematic structure and the comprehension of spoken language? 2. which of the themes would have greated thematic force and be easier for the subjects to comprehend? accord...

in the past couple of decades sociocultural theory of sla and its implications in efl contexts have attracted attentions of research circles worldwide and aroused some controversies. firth and wagner (1997) have questioned the principles of the cognitive view which gives importance to mental constructs in favor of sociocultural view which highlights social and contextual constructs. but if soci...

introduction acetic acid bacteria are large group of obligate aerobic gram negative bacteria with the ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid (1). they are widely distributed in natural habitats and classified in family acetobacteraceae. members of this family are useful in industrial production of vinegar(2). acetic acid bacteria (aab) can use substrates as glucose, ethanol, lactate or glyc...