The known general solution of the system of linearized equations for non-viscous, adiabatic, quasi-hydrostatic flow on an equatorially oriented @-plane is examined in detail for various boundary conditions imposed on the motion. The base state is a space-time invariant zonal current. The particular solutions examined are those in which the meridional wind component is distributed either symmetr...

This SI Appendix is formed by three sections. Section 1 contains a brief discussion of the derivations of the dynamical model and its low-order meridional truncation. The details of boundary conditions, numerical solvers as well as a list of the parameter values are also included. The mathematical formula of the Walker circulation is shown at the end of this section. Section 2 involves the basi...

This paper shows that the synoptic variability of zonal and meridional midlatitude Pacific and Southern Ocean sea surface winds can be well described by a univariate stochastic dynamical system directly derived from data. The method used to analyze blended Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT)–NCEP winds is a general method to estimate drift and diffusion coefficients of a continuous stationary Markov...

Observations in the Strait of Hormuz (26.26°N. 56.08°E) during 1997-98 showed substantial velocity fluctuations, accompanied by episodic changes in the salinity outflow events with amplitude varying between 1 and 2 psu on time scales of several days to a few weeks. These events arc characterized by a rapid increase in salinity followed by an abrupt decline. The mechanisms behind these strong pu...

A mathematical model for studying the 3-D dynamical structure of lee wave across a meso-scale mountain corner has been proposed mean flow with realistic vertical variation wind and temperature. The basic consists both zonal component (U) meridional (V), which are assumed to be dependent height. Brunt-Vaisala frequency (N) is also This applied corner, in North East India, formed by broadly North...

Low-level barotropic dynamics may help to explain the modulation of eastern and western North Pacific tropical cyclones by the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) during Northern Hemisphere summer. The MJO is characterized by alternating periods of westerly and easterly 850-mb zonal wind anomalies across the tropical Pacific Ocean. When MJO 850-mb wind anomalies are westerly, small-scale, slow-movi...

The configuration and evaluation of the meteorology is presented for simulations over the South Asian region using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). Temperature, water vapor, dew point temperature, zonal and meridional wind components, precipitation and tropopause pressure are evaluated against radiosonde and satellite-borne (AIRS and TRMM) observatio...

The dynamics of Lagrangian particles and tracers in the vicinity of a baroclinically unstable zonal jet are investigated in a simple 2-layer model with an initially quiescent lower layer. Presence of a wave induces a particle drift which is dominated by a Stokes drift rather then the mean Eulerian velocity due to the wave. Stable and unstable waves both have zonal Stokes drift with a similar me...

Abstract Intraseasonal waves in the tropical Atlantic Ocean have been found to carry prominent energy that affects interannual variability of zonal currents. This study investigates transfer and interaction wind-driven intraseasonal using single-layer model experiments. Three sets wind stress forcing at periods around 30 days, 50 days 80 with a realistic horizontal distribution are employed sep...