Tropospheric correction models are receiving increasing attentions, as they play a crucial role in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Most commonly used models to date include the GPT2 series and the TropGrid2. In this study, we analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of existing models and developed a new model called the Improved Tropospheric Grid (ITG). ITG considers annual, semi-a...

The 10-day AVHRR composite image data sets for Asian region have been generated from the daytime AVHRR HPRT data received at Tokyo, Kuroshima, Ulaanbaatar and Bangkok. A Global AVHRR Image Compositing System (GAVICS) developed by Iwate University, Japan, was applied to the image processing. The GAVICS is an automatic processing system that produces single or composite AVHRR data from the raw HP...

Thanks to the new satellite technology, global scenes of the dynamical and chemical processes of the atmospheric compounds can be drawn. Ground-based equipments have to be used for comparison/validation of the satellite retrievals. The SPATRAM (SPectrometer for Atmospheric TRacers and Aerosol Measurement) is a UV-Vis spectrometer allowing for the measurements of spectral sky radiance along the ...

Recently, two sets of mobile Rayleigh Doppler lidars were implemented in University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) for atmospheric gravity waves research. One of them works in a step stare scanning mode with azimuths corresponding to four cardinal points, while the other one consists of three fixed subassemblies: one points to the zenith and the two others are titled at 30° from the ...

The performance and application of a multlchannel, ground-based microwave radiometer in the monilori:rg of Fohn wind was studied in an experiment conducted in Hong Kong in 2004. Three scanning modes (zenith, elevation and 15degree elevation) were tried out fo: the radiometer to monitor lhe low-level temperature inversions upwiad of the hills. Thermodynamic profiles retrieved from the zenith mod...

This paper proposes a method for constructing an experimental power beam pattern (PB) of RATAN-600 based on the sample of NVSS sources observed in the process of a deep sky survey near local zenith. The data obtained from observations of radio sources at λ7.6 cm in nine bands of the survey (the 2002 and 2003 sets) are used to construct vertical PB of the telescope at rather large offsets from t...

The GRANITE III camera of the Whipple Cherenkov Telescope at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mount Hopkins, Arizona (2300 m a.s.l.) has the highest angular resolution of all cameras used on this telescope so far. The central region of the camera has 379 pixels with an individual angular diameter of 0.12. This makes the instrument especially suitable for observations of gamma-induced ai...

We present another explanation for the moon illusion, in which the moon looks larger near the horizon than near the zenith. In our model, the sky is considered a spatially contiguous and geometrically smooth surface. When an object (like the moon) breaks the contiguity of the surface, humans perceive an occlusion of the surface rather than an object appearing through a hole. Binocular vision d...

We propose a feature, the Histogram of Oriented Normal Vectors (HONV), designed specifically to capture local geometric characteristics for object recognition with a depth sensor. Through our derivation, the normal vector orientation represented as an ordered pair of azimuthal angle and zenith angle can be easily computed from the gradients of the depth image. We form the HONV as a concatenatio...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Abstract For the determination of photolysis rates at large zenith angles it has been demonstrated that refraction by the earth's atmosphere must be taken into account. In fact, due to the modified optical path the optical transmittance is thereby increased in mos...