background: considering the difference between the rate of multiple ovulation and ovarian activities of different breeds of ewes in different regions, especially out of seasonal breeding condition, finding efficient and effective protocols to induce multiple ovulation out of seasonal breeding would be much appreciated. objectives: this study was conducted to determine fertility and multiple ovu...

The “puyen”, Galaxias maculatus, is a small, autochthonous fish (no longer than 10 cm in this region). This species is protected in the Nahuel Huapi National Park and Reserve. Information on its biology is available in RM McDowall (1968 Fish Res Bull 2: 1-84, 1972 J R Soc New Zel 2: 325-367), DA Pollard (1971 Aus J Mar Fresh Res 22: 91-123) and RA Ferriz (1987 Rev Mus Arg B Riv 5: 29-38). Tylod...

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According to the text-books, atomic states have well-defined parity, and cer­ tainly to many people the idea that atoms do not possess reflection sym­ metry Is counter-intuitive. What can the electrons be doing which allows one to distinguish between an atom and its mir­ ror image? (A partial answer to this question is illustrated in Fig. 1.) What­ ever the conceptual difficulties involved, the...

Agricultural sector accounts for about 1/3 of the Iranian GDP and 1/4 of the country workforce. More than 90% of the Iranian food requirements are produced in the country. Animal agriculture covers over 40% of the agricultural activities. More than 57% of the available animal units in the country are sheep and goats. Desertification, deforestation, water shortage, erosion, low efficiency and ou...

Sunyaev Zel’dovich cluster surveys can be used to constrain cosmological parameters. Extracting clusters from the primary anisotropies and the unresolved background from very faint clusters is simple when the telescope beam size is small (∼ 1′), but could be difficult if the beam is larger (∼ 8′). By reference to examples, we show that this is possible by carefully designing the depth of the su...

We report on the first observation of the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich (SZ) effect, a distortion of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB) by hot electrons in clusters of galaxies, with the Diabolo experiment at the IRAM 30 m telescope. Diabolo is a dual–channel 0.1K bolometer photometer dedicated to the observation of CMB anisotropies at 2.1 and 1.2 mm. A significant brightness decrement in the...

Analytical expressions for the non-relativistic and relativistic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) are derived by means of suitable convolution in-tegrals. The establishment of these expressions is based on the fact that the SZE disturbed spectrum, at high frequencies, possesses the form of a Laplace transform of the single line distortion profile (structure factor). Implications of this descript...