Magnetospheric convective electric fields that could radially transport particles adiabatically, may leave their imprints in the form of energy-time dispersed patterns termed ”zebra stripes”. Inspired by comprehensive studies on zebra stripes Earth's electron radiation belts, similar signatures were found and explained Saturn's inner magnetosphere. Using Cassini Magnetosphere Imaging Instrument...

TO THE EDITOR: I read the Viewpoint article by Haouzi (1) entitled “Precedence and autocracy in breathing control” with great interest. The author makes a strong and informative case for the complexity of the mechanisms involved in the control of breathing. But he makes conventional error of assuming that “it evolved by chance and necessity . . . shaping the structures and functions of the resp...

Many viruses target cytoplasmic polyA binding protein (PABPC) to effect widespread inhibition of host gene expression, a process termed viral host-shutoff (vhs). During lytic replication of Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) we observed that PABPC was efficiently translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Translocated PABPC was diffusely distributed but was excluded from viral replication compartmen...

ZEBRA protein converts Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection from the latent to the lytic state. The ability of ZEBRA to activate this switch is strictly dependent on the presence of serine or threonine at residue 186 of the protein (A. Francis, T. Ragoczy, L. Gradoville, A. El-Guindy, and G. Miller, J. Virol. 72:4543-4551, 1999). We investigated whether phosphorylation of ZEBRA protein at this si...

Abstract Infanticide has been described across mammal species. is thought to be a tactic which increases reproductive opportunities or reduces competition over local resources. Species of the genus Equus exhibit life history traits such as expensive young, long gestation, lactation and dependency, extended inter-birth interval when there foal at foot strong male skew. These suggest infanticide ...

Passeriformes birds are widely recognized for their remarkable diversity, with over 5700 species described so far. Like most bird species, they possess a karyotype characteristic of modern birds, which includes bimodal consisting few pairs macrochromosomes and many microchromosomes. Although the is typically 2n = 80, diploid number can atypically vary greatly, ranging from 56 to approximately 1...

Bitterleaf or African Leaf is a herbal plant empirically used to relieve fever and kidney disease. Pharmacological research reports that the leaves have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic properties, toxicity test was also conducted ensure their safety. Therefore, this experiment aimed obtain LC50 of (Gymnanthemum amygdalina Del.) ethanol water extract with ZFET (Zebra Fish Embryo A...

The Epstein-Barr virus ZEBRA protein controls the viral lytic cycle. ZEBRA activates the transcription of viral genes required for replication. ZEBRA also binds to oriLyt and interacts with components of the viral replication machinery. The mechanism that differentiates the roles of ZEBRA in regulation of transcription and initiation of lytic replication is unknown. Here we show that S173, a re...

Because zebra mussels spread rapidly throughout the eastern United States in the late 1980s and early 1990s, their spread to the western United States has been expected. Overland dispersal into inland lakes and reservoirs, however, has occurred at a much slower rate than earlier spread via connected, navigable waterways. We forecasted the potential western spread of zebra mussels by predicting ...

Zebra is publicly available free routing software that is distributed under GNU General Public License. It supports the following IP routing protocols: BGP-4, RIPv1, RIPv2 and OSPFv2. Zebra is unique in its design because it has a process for each protocol that runs on a multithreaded UNIX kernel. Zebra software offers true modularity since each protocol module can be upgraded or configured ind...