BACKGROUND Although in vitro and in vivo laboratory studies have suggested that benzalkonium chloride (BAK) in topical ophthalmic solutions may be detrimental to corneal epithelial cells, multiple short- and long-term clinical studies have provided evidence supporting the safety of BAK. Despite the conflicting evidence, BAK is the most commonly used preservative in ophthalmic products largely d...

Lysine (Lys) availability in three different soya-bean meal (SBM) products was determined using the following techniques: whole body (WB) net flux of Lys, digestible Lys (duodenal flow × intestinal digestibility) and the plasma Lys response curve method of Rulquin and Kowalczyk (2003). Four multiparous Holstein cows (173 days in milk) were equipped with ruminal and duodenal cannulas and used in...

Paper aims This paper compares the economic valuation (Intrinsic Cost or IC) of carbon dioxide emissions (carbon price) externality taxes (Kyoto Protocol) Argentine Production Chain (APC). Originality The experimental IC index and this novel combination allow incorporating objective (incremental) subjective (acceptance, hierarchy uncertainty) evaluation APC. method is extended in (to other oper...

We provide a framework to analyze the electroproduction process ep → epρ with a polarized target, writing the angular distribution of the ρ decay products in terms of spin density matrix elements that parameterize the hadronic subprocess γ∗p → ρp. Using the helicity basis for both photon and meson, we find a representation in which the expressions for a polarized and unpolarized target are rela...

The objective of the present study was to investigate the role of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in the seizure-induced P-glycoprotein (P-gp) overexpression and the underlying mechanism. Kainic acid (KA)-induced mouse seizure model was used for in vivo experiments. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: normal saline control (NS) group, KA-induced epileptic seizure (EP) group, and ...

Transmutation of spent nuclear fuels is globally being considered to reduce their radioactivity through capture and decay of minor actinides and fission products. Such reduction in radioactivity may enable their disposal in potential repositories for shorter durations. The target structural materials used in transmutation may undergo plastic deformation. A candidate target structural material, ...

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