We describe a novel method to track fluorescent particles in three dimensions with nanometre precision and millisecond time resolution. In this method, we use our two-photon excitation microscope. The galvomotor-driven x-y scanning mirrors allow the laser beam to move repetitively in a circular path with a radius of half the width of the point spread function of the laser. When the fluorescent ...

"Place" cells of the rat hippocampus are coupled to "head direction" cells of the thalamus and limbic cortex. Head direction cells are sensitive to head direction in the horizontal plane only, which leads to the question of whether place cells similarly encode locations in the horizontal plane only, ignoring the z axis, or whether they encode locations in three dimensions. This question was add...

We combine optical morphologies and photometry from HST, redshifts from Keck, and mid-infrared luminosities from Spitzer for an optically selected sample of ∼ 800 galaxies in GOODS-N to track morphology evolution of infrared luminous galaxies (LIRGs) since redshift z = 1. We find a 50% decline in the number of LIRGs from z ∼ 1 to lower redshift, in agreement with previous studies. In addition, ...

We have analyzed 866 Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the 2006–2007 outburst of the accreting neutron star XTE J1701−462, during which the source evolves from super-Eddington luminosities to quiescence. The X-ray color evolution first resembles the Cyg X-2 subgroup of Z sources, with frequent excursions on the horizontal and normal branches (HB/NB). The source then decays and evolves...

Standard two-parameter compressions of the infinite dimensional dark energy model space show crippling limitations even with current SN-Ia data. Firstly they cannot cope with rapid evolution our best-fit to the latest SN-Ia data shows late and very rapid evolution to w0 = −2.85. However all of the standard parametrisations (incorrectly) claim that this best-fit is ruled out at more than 2σ prim...

We address the enumeration of p-valent planar maps equipped with a spanning forest, with a weight z per face and a weight u per connected component of the forest. Equivalently, we count p-valent maps equipped with a spanning tree, with a weight z per face and a weight μ := u + 1 per internally active edge, in the sense of Tutte; or the (dual) p-angulations equipped with a recurrent sandpile con...

indoor radon and thoron have been measured in the houses ofmoradabad district, uttar pradesh india, by means of solid state nuclear trackdetectors. radon, an invisible radioactive gas, occurs naturally in indooratmospheres and along with thoron is the most important contribution of humanexposure to natural sources. radon exists in soil gas building materials and indooratmosphere to name but a f...

Aims. We want to study the IR (> 8 μm) emission of samples of galaxies selected in their rest-frame UV in a very homogeneous way (wavelength and luminosity) from z = 0 to z = 1: comparing their UV and IR rest-frame emissions will allow us to study the evolution of dust attenuation with z as well as to check if a UV selection is able to track all the star formation. This UV selection will also b...

The Southern Ocean Research Partnership (SORP) has developed an Antarctic Blue Whale Project which includes research to derive a mark-recapture abundance estimate for Antarctic blue whales. Tracking blue whales through passive acoustic monitoring has been identified as a potential means for increasing encounter rates, and thus facilitating abundance estimates through photo-identification and bi...

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