This study aims to examine how each cohort’s family formation is affected by labor market conditions experienced in youth in Japan. Although the deterioration in youth employment opportunities has often been blamed for Japan’s declining fertility rates, the effect of slack labor market conditions on fertility is theoretically unclear. We estimate the effects of regional labor market conditions ...

OBJECTIVE Two perspectives are offered on the transition outcomes of youth with emotional disturbances (ED) using data from the National Longitudinal Transition Study (NLTS) and the National Longitudinal Transition Study-2 (NLTS2). The first perspective compares two cohorts of youth ages 18-21 who were out of high school up to 4 years in 1990 and 2005 on their rates of high school completion, p...

Moonlighting Behavior over the Business Cycle Using data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, we examine the cyclicality by sex of moonlighting and moonlighting hours. We find that, once we account for the sample selection into employment, both men and women exhibit procyclical moonlighting probabilities. Likewise, moonlighting hours for male multiple job holders are procyclical...

We illustrate the di±culties raised by four features of realistic transition models in labour economics: dimensionality, institutional constraints, persistence and sample attrition. We estimate a multi-spell multi-state transition model using longitudinal data on the 1988 cohort of male school-leavers in North-West England. The model predicts transitions between college, the government Youth Tr...

In this study we test the hypothesis that stringent state welfare policies promote adolescents’ enrollment and reduce their employment. The underlying mechanisms operate in the larger society, the local labor market and the family, particularly for adolescents from low-income families. We use static and dynamic models and separate out welfare policies from non-welfare state policies, youth-spec...

This article provides theoretical and empirical analyses of a firing costs model with adverse selection. Our theory suggests that, as firing costs increase, firms increasingly prefer hiring employed workers, who are less likely to be lemons. Estimates of re-employment probabilities from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth support this prediction. Unjust-dismissal provisions in U.S. states...

CONTEXT Women's employment opportunities may reduce the risk of early intercourse and pregnancy, but some evidence has linked adolescent employment and problem behaviors with early intercourse. METHODS Hazard regression analyses of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were used to examine the relationship between employment and the risk of first intercourse before age 20 among ...

An important exception to improvements in the relative socioeconomic status of blacks during recent decades is increased levels of joblessness among black youths relative to whites. Despite the many proposed explanations for this trend) few reconcile worsening employment status for black youths with concomitant improvements in other socioeconomic indicators. Three mechanisms that link reduced s...