We investigated the role of alpha-adrenergic antagonists and clonidine injected into the medial septal area (MSA) on water intake and the decrease in Na+, K+ and urine elicited by ANGII injection into the third ventricle (3rdV). Male Holtzman rats with stainless steel cannulas implanted into the 3rdV and MSA were used. ANGII (12 nmol/ micro l) increased water intake (12.5 +/- 1.7 ml/120 min). C...

Pontospinal noradrenergic neurons form part of an endogenous analgesic system that suppresses acute pain, but there is conflicting evidence about its role in neuropathic pain. We investigated the chronology of descending noradrenergic control during the development of a neuropathic pain phenotype in rats following tibial nerve transection (TNT). A lumbar intrathecal cannula was implanted at the...

AIM Earlier studies have demonstrated that Bacopa monniera (BM), a plant described in Ayurveda for many CNS actions was found to exhibit antidepressant (methanolic extract at 20mg/kg and 40mg/kg p.o.) as well as antinociceptive activity (aqueous extract (AE) at 80 mg/kg, 120 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg p.o.). The present study sought to explore the possible mechanisms of antinociceptive effects of aque...

In addition to its centrally mediated hypotensive action, clonidine causes a decrease in intraocular pressure associated with a long-lasting mydriasis. The present study was conducted to determine to what extent this drug-induced pupillary dilation is of central or peripheral origin. Pupil size was observed in cats anesthetized with pentobarbital. Clonidine (1 to 100 mug per kilogram, intraveno...

Patients with deterioration of the autonomic nervous system can have unexpected or even paradoxical reactions to common cardiovascular drugs. For example, patients with severe neuropathy of the peripheral autonomic system can have a pressor response to phenylephrine eye drops and a paradoxical increase in blood pressure (BP) from the antihypertensive clonidine.1 Currently, the only approved the...

Ferulic acid is a caffeic acid derivative and a common phenolic compound quite abundant in various medicinal plants that used for pain relief. The antinociceptive effect of ferulic acid has been shown; however, the action mechanisms of ferulic acid still remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanism of action of ferulic acid-induced antinociception i...

The binding of small molecules to distinctive three-dimensional structures in mRNA provides a new dimension in RNA control, previously limited to the targeting of secondary structures with antisense and RNA interference; such targeting can modulate mRNA function and rates of protein biosynthesis. Small molecules that selectively bind the iron-responsive element (IRE), a specific three-dimension...

Ferulic acid is a caffeic acid derivative and a common phenolic compound quite abundant in various medicinal plants that used for pain relief. The antinociceptive effect of ferulic acid has been shown; however, the action mechanisms of ferulic acid still remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanism of action of ferulic acid-induced antinociception i...

AIMS To investigate whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) preconditioning could alleviate the inflammation caused by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by reducing HMGB1-TLR4-MyD88-NF-кB signaling. METHODS Seventy rats were randomly assigned into five groups: sham group, myocardial I/R group (I/R), DEX+I/R group (DEX), DEX+yohimbine+I/R group (DEX/YOH), and yohimbine+I/R group (YOH). Animal...

We have presented a study on structural conformation of yohimbine hydrochloride using density functional theory (DFT) method. A short description about the surface morphology with scanning electron microscopy imaging has been included. Correlation between different thermodynamic properties with variation in the temperature has been given. The global and local chemical reactivity descriptors hav...