Mortierella alpina (M. alpina) is well known for arachidonic acid (ARA) production. However, low efficiency and unstableness are long existed problems for industrial production of ARA by M. alpina due to the lack of online regulations. The aim of the present work is to develop an online-regulation strategy for efficient and stable ARA production in industry. The strategy was developed in 50 L f...

To determine if threatened brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations of Montana and Wyoming have lower levels of genetic variation than other North American populations, we examined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear microsatellite DNA diversity in 220 brown bears from 5 areas: Kodiak Island, Alaska; Kluane National Park, Canada; Eastern Slope of the Rockies (East Slope), Canada; Yellowstone eco...

The ability of the central nervous system to cope with stressful conditions was shown to be dependent on proper T-cell-mediated immune response. Because the therapeutic window for neuroprotection after acute insults such as stroke is relatively narrow, we searched for a procedure that would allow the relevant T cells to be recruited rapidly. Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion was induce...

Let E = ((eij))n×n be a fixed array of real numbers such that eij = eji, eii = 0 for 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n. Let the symmetric group be denoted by Sn and the collection of involutions with no fixed points by Πn, that is, Πn = {π ∈ Sn : π 2 = id, π(i) 6= i∀i}. For π uniformly chosen from Πn, let YE = Pn i=1 eiπ(i) and W = (YE − μE)/σE where μE = E(YE) and σ 2 E = Var(YE). Denoting by FW and Φ the distribu...