Cell walls are crucial for development, signal transduction, and disease resistance in plants. Cell walls are made of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectins. Xyloglucan (XG), the principal load-bearing hemicellulose of dicotyledonous plants, has a terminal fucosyl residue. A 60-kilodalton fucosyltransferase (FTase) that adds this residue was purified from pea epicotyls. Peptide sequence informa...

The chromatic symmetric function XG of a graph G was introduced by Stanley. In this paper we introduce a quasisymmetric generalization X G called the k-chromatic quasisymmetric function of G and show that it is positive in the fundamental basis for the quasisymmetric functions. Following the specialization of XG to χG(λ), the chromatic polynomial, we also define a generalization χ k G(λ) and sh...

1 Laboratoire A2X, Université Bordeaux I, 351, cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France [email protected] 2 CWI and Department of Mathematics, Leiden University; Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (CWI), Sciencepark 123, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] 3 CWI and Department of Mathematics, University of Amsterdam; Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (C...

The foreground component of the X-ray Background (XRB) can be studied by cross-correlating its intensity with galaxy catalogs. We computed the two-point cross-correlation function W xg between 67 Einstein X-ray elds and the APM galaxy catalog. We detected a signal with an amplitude of W xg = :04 :01, signi cant at the 3:5 level. The reality of this signal was tested with a series of control dat...

Suppose that G is a finite group and x ∈ G has prime order p ≥ 5. Then x is contained in the solvable radical of G, O∞(G), if (and only if) 〈x, xg〉 is solvable for all g ∈ G. If G is an almost simple group and x ∈ G has prime order p ≥ 5, then this implies that there exists g ∈ G such that 〈x, xg〉 is not solvable. In fact, this is also true when p = 3 with very few exceptions, which are describ...

The distribution of four X-linked mutants (G6PD, Deutan, Protan and Xg) among lowland and once highly malarial populations of Sardinia discloses a clear-cut example of linkage disequiligrium between two of them (G6PD and Protan). In the same populations the distribution of G6PD-deficiency versus colorblindness of the Deutan type and the Xg blood-group is not significantly different from that ex...

Fig. 1. Schematic picture of inelastic (a) and elastic (b) vector meson leptoproduction Vector mesons can be produced in two different ways in lepton proton scattering, in so-called inelastic processes, where the proton breaks, or elastic (exclusive) processes, where the incoming proton stays intact. The different production mechanisms are shown schematically in Fig. 1. They suggest that the cr...

Let G be a fixed graph and let XG be the number of copies of G contained in the random graph G(n, p). We prove exponential bounds on the upper tail of XG which are best possible up to a logarithmic factor in the exponent. Our argument relies on an extension of Alon’s result about the maximum number of copies of G in a graph with a given number of edges. Similar bounds are proved for the random ...

We show that CG ({g}) is a subgroup CG ({g}) ≤ G. • Closure: For x, y ∈ GG ({g}), then xg = gx and yg = gy, so in particular gxy = xgy = xyg, so xy ∈ CG ({g}) • Inverses: For x ∈ CG ({g}) ⊆ G, ∃x−1 ∈ G s.t. xx−1 = x−1x = e, since G is a group. For g−1 ∈ G exists, then we can write gx−1g−1x = g (gx) x = g (xg) x = gg−1x−1x = e, which shows gx−1 = x−1g, so x−1 ∈ CG ({g}) • Identity: For e ∈ G, eg...