South Africa is experiencing a widespread drug-resistant tuberculosis epidemic, although data are limited regarding the current situation. This study finds that the extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) incidence in KwaZulu-Natal increased to 3.5 cases/100,000 (776 cases) in 2011-2012. XDR-TB cases are widely distributed geographically, with the majority of districts experiencing a r...

We present the draft genome sequence of DS-16780, with a rare spoligo-international type (SIT) 523 (777777777777771) genotype, which reveals an extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (XDR-TB) phenotype. The isolate is a representative of clonal XDR-TB from the western part of Thailand.

BACKGROUND There are limited data about the epidemiology and treatment-related outcomes associated with capreomycin resistance in patients with XDR-TB. Capreomycin achieves high serum concentrations relative to MIC but whether capreomycin has therapeutic benefit despite microbiological resistance remains unclear. METHODS We reviewed the susceptibility profiles and outcomes associated with cap...

Factors driving the increase in drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, are not understood. A convenience sample of 309 drug-susceptible and 342 multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB isolates, collected July 2008-July 2009, were characterized by spoligotyping, DNA fingerprinting, insertion site mapping, and targeted DNA sequencing. Analysis of molecular-based data sh...

Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) – multi-drug and extensively drug-resistant (MDR XDR) is a global problem. Purpose of the work. To study features RR-TB combined with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS). Material Methods. A total 420 patients active pulmonary TB were examined. All divided into groups depending on presence or absence ADS. The ADS referred to main (MG), those without compa...

Over 480 000 cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) occur every year globally, 9% of them being affected by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The treatment of MDR/XDR-TB is unfortunately long, toxic and expensive, and the success rate largely unsatisfactory (<20% among cases with resistance patterns beyond XDR). The aim of this review is to su...

We show that the interpretation of molecular epidemiological data for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is dependent on the number of different markers used to define transmission. Using spoligotyping, IS6110 DNA fingerprinting, and DNA sequence data, we show that XDR-TB in South Africa (2006 to 2008) was predominantly driven by the acquisition of second-line drug resistance.

Colombia is one of the 105 countries that has reported at least one case of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). The Mycobacterium tuberculosis Haarlem genotype is ubiquitous worldwide. Here, we report the high-quality draft genome sequence of a Colombian Haarlem XDR-TB clinical isolate composed of 4,329,127 bp with 4,386 genes.

Extensive drug resistance is an emerging threat to the control of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, even in countries with low TB incidence. We report the draft whole-genome sequence of the first reported extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) strain isolated in Ireland (a low-incidence setting) and describe a number of single-nucleotide variations that correlate with its XDR phenotype.

We report the whole-genome sequence of an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) strain of Latin American-Mediterranean (LAM) lineage. This strain is phenotypically resistant to aminoglycosides, but carries no related mutations in rrs, tlyA, and eis. Through genome analysis comparison with 16 XDR strains, we found 218 non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) shared that...