in a series of heterologous immunity studies s. haematobium, s. bovis and o. turkestanicum in calves, a large number of s. haematobium cercariae (21,000 cercariae) were used repeatedly as the immunization agent. at autopsy, 22 weeks after initial exposure, immature s. haematobium was detected. thirteen weeks after initial exposure a group of calves was challenged with s. bovis and another group...

Gene expression becomes more variable with age, and it is widely assumed that this is due to a decrease in expression regulation. But currently there is no understanding how gene expression regulatory patterns progress with age. Here we explored genome-wide gene expression variation and regulatory loci (eQTL) in a population of developing and aging C. elegans recombinant inbred worms. We found ...

It has been demonstrated that the deposit-feeding oligochaete Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri inhabiting Foundry Cove (FC), a severely cadmium (Cd)-contaminated cove located on the Hudson River, New York, USA, has evolved resistance to Cd. In this study we investigate how this resistance influences Cd trophic transfer from this oligochaete to the grass shri.mp Palaernonetes p u g ~ o . Cadmium-resista...

Recently, active worms have done significant damage due to their rapid propagation over the Internet. We studied propagation mechanisms of active worms employing single target discovery technique and various combinations of two or three different target discovery techniques from attackers’ perspective. We performed a series of simulation experiments to investigate their propagation characterist...

With the growing sophistication of computer worms, information security has become a prime concern for individuals, community and organizations. Traditional signature based IDS, though effective for known attacks but failed to handle the unknown attack promptly. This paper describes a novel honeypot system which isolates the suspicious traffic from normal traffic, and capture most useful inform...

Active worms, a category of self-replicating malicious programs which could spread in an automated fashion and flood particular Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks within very short time, have drawn significant attention. However, only limited number of studies focus on propagation model of active worms with fair consideration of P2P nodes’ dynamic features consisting of P2P churn, random quarantine, r...