This work looks at a temporal aspect of multiword expressions (MWEs), namely that the behaviour of a given n-gram and its status as a MWE change over time. We propose a model in which context words have particular probabilities given a usage choice for an n-gram, and those usage choices have time dependent probabilities, and we put forward an expectationmaximisation technique for estimating the...

The Politicians’ Wage Gap: Insights from German Members of Parliament Using a unique dataset of German members of parliament with information on total earnings including outside income, this paper analyzes the politicians’ wage gap (PWG). After controlling for observable characteristics as well as accounting for selection into politics, we find a positive PWG which is statistically and economic...

Creativity is the tendency to generate or recognize ideas, alternatives, or possibilities. Following a study on the genetic contribution to working in a creative profession, based on polygenic score analysis, we report the total heritability of this trait in a large sample of adult twins and their siblings registered with the Netherlands Twin Register. Data from 6755 twins and 1817 siblings wer...

This paper presents mwetoolkit+sem: an extension of the mwetoolkit that estimates semantic compositionality scores for multiword expressions (MWEs) based on word embeddings. First, we describe our implementation of vector-space operations working on distributional vectors. The compositionality score is based on the cosine distance between the MWE vector and the composition of the vectors of its...

This paper presents a critique of the normative, buyer-supplier literature and in addition suggests that the more empirically-based literature needs to expand its scope of attention beyond its traditional confines of attention. Four main deficiencies are identified within much of the existing buyer-supplier literature. Firstly, collaborative buyer-supplier theories fail to discriminate sufficie...

In social collaborative crowdsourcing platforms, the votes which people give on the content generated by others is a very important component of the system which seeks to find the best content through collaborative action. In a crowdsourced innovation platform, people vote on innovations/ideas generated by others which enables the system to synthesize the view of the crowd about an idea. Howeve...

The restructuring of the Chinese electricity sector in 2002 reshaped the market structure by vertically unbundling the dominant integrated firm and started the process of wholesale price liberalization. We estimate factor demands to study whether these reforms boosted productivity in the generation segment of the industry. Controlling explicitly for price-heterogeneity across firms and unobserv...

In this paper, we present a new Web cache sharing scheme. Our scheme reduces the duplicated copies of the same objects in global shared Web caches, even though the hot working set of each local cache can be duplicated. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing sharing schemes for the data set we considered.

A novel method using luminescent molecule sensors is described for in situ measurement of fluid film thickness along the tool rake face in machining. The method uses an optically transparent sapphire tool to access the rake face, and measurement of radiation emitted by luminescing molecules dispersed in a machining fluid. By measuring the intensity of the emission, the film thickness is estimat...