Scarcity and the high cost of natural river sand due to government restrictions are major problems for construction industry. It was observed that cement quarry dust ratio is higher in concrete mixes compared conventional used highway projects effects influenced by shape, surface & content micro fines dust. In this study, ratios were optimized obtain optimum strength, workability use using ...

BACKGROUND Understanding how new clinical techniques, technologies and other complex interventions become normalized in practice is important to researchers, clinicians, health service managers and policy-makers. This paper presents a model of the normalization of complex interventions. METHODS Between 1995 and 2005 multiple qualitative studies were undertaken. These examined: professional-pa...

Self Compacting concrete (SCC) is a flowing concrete that is able to consolidate under its own weight without any need for vibration. The high fluid nature of SCC makes it suitable for placing it in difficult conditions and in sections with congested reinforcement. Use of SCC overcomes the difficulties pertaining to casting conditions and reduces the man power required. Self compacting concrete...

Self-Compacting Concrete Originally developed in Japan, SCC technology was made possible by the much earlier development of Superplasticisers for concrete. To compare the performance of SCC with Fly Ash 20%, Silica Fume 10%, Rice Husk Ash (5%, 10%, and 15%) as a partial replacement of cement, due to the high increase in construction which has brought a heavy demand for ingredients of concrete s...

Water content affects mortar and masonry properties however, it is often determined by the mason assessing mortar workability. This can lead to lack of consistency and variable masonry performance. This paper investigates the compressive, flexural and bond strength and stiffness of brick masonry bound with natural hydraulic limes (NHL2, 3.5 and 5), hydrated lime (calcium limeCL90s) and cement-l...