In this paper we present a developmental approach toward creating intelligent systems. Although embracing an emergent paradigm, we also propose an architecture such that symbols have their proper place. To explore this methodology, we are developing our system on real robots. Robotic approaches usually invoke the so-called “symbol grounding problem” (Harnad 1990). However, our developmental app...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to update providers on how best to address asthma in adolescents. RECENT FINDINGS Asthma is a common chronic disease, with increased prevalence in minority populations, especially those living in poverty. Published treatment guidelines form the basis of modern asthma treatment, based on disease severity, frequency of symptoms, and lung function ...

In this paper we describe a developmental path which allows a humanoid robot to initiate interaction with the environment by grasping objects. Development begins with the exploration of the robot’s own body (control of the head and arm, identification of the hand) and moves afterward to the external world (reaching and grasping). A final experiment is reported to illustrate how these simple beh...

fully incorporated into previous studies of successful aging. This article examines earlier conceptualizations of successful aging and calls for a reformulation that is more responsive to developmental processes and theoretical guidance. Issues of operational definitions, selective sampling, and stage theory are discussed, and the perspective is illustrated with empirical research in the person...