Phytophthora cinnamomi causes a severe root rot in avocado, Persea americana. Breeding tolerant rootstocks is thought to be the most promising method for phytophthora root rot disease control but breeding avocado is challenging. The avocado flowering syndrome (synchronous protogynous dichogamy), combined with high flowering and low fruit set, render controlled pollination exceedingly difficult....

Vegetation plays a key role in maintaining ecosystem stability, promoting biodiversity conservation, serving as windbreaks, and facilitating sand fixation deserts. Based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Normalized Difference Index (MODIS NDVI) climate data, Theil—Sen median trend analysis combined with Mann—Kendall test partial correlation residual analyses were employed to ...

NARRATIVE SUMMARY Dust generated from the mechanical disturbance of granular material is known as " fugitive dust " since it is not released into the atmosphere in a restricted flow stream such as an exhaust pipe or smoke stack. Fugitive dust includes dust from unpaved roads, disturbed land in developed areas, agriculture, and undeveloped grazing land. Wind-blown and vehicle generated fugitive ...

There are many reasons to preserve the biological diversity of the earth, and perhaps the most compelling is the insurance that it provides for the uncertain times ahead. The responsibility for maintaining this biodiversity falls particularly heavily on the custodians of the tropical forests, where species richness is highest. How can these forests provide for the immediate needs of local inhab...

Accurate modeling of windbreaks is essential for the precise assessment wind protection performance. However, in most windbreak studies, models used approximate shape simulated trees, resulting significant differences between results and actual situation. In this study, terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) was to extract tree parameters, which were a quantitative structural model (AdQSM) recreate s...