We present optical, near-infrared, and X-ray observations of the optical afterglow (OA) of the X-ray rich, longduration gamma-ray burst GRB 011211. Hubble Space Telescope (HST) data obtained 14, 26, 32, and 59 days after the burst, show the host galaxy to have a morphology that is fairly typical of blue galaxies at high redshift. We measure its magnitude to be R = 24.95 ± 0.11. We detect a brea...

A 3D unstructured-grid ocean circulation model covering the continental shelf and coastal seas around New England is used to investigate freshwater transport (FWT) on Scotian Shelf (SS) its impact salinity in Gulf of Maine (GoME). The was first validated using observed elevation, velocity, temperature at multiple locations, demonstrating generally high skills. Intra-seasonal variabilities fluxe...

This article examines the relationship between inflation and inflation uncertainty in the Turkish economy in this period 2004:01-2014:12. This relationship is explored in two ways: a) with the effect of structural breaks; b) without the effect of structural breaks. In fact, with regard to the main structural break have occurred over this period, we examine whether structural break has affected ...

One key strategy toward decarbonizing chemical synthesis is to reduce reliance on fossil fuels as an energy source. The increased availability of renewable electricity from sources such solar and wind offers opportunities both electrify manufacturing. While there are many possible uses for electricity, joule heating reactors, one approach use these electrons make break bonds directly via electr...

Massive amounts of anthropogenic radiocaesium Cs that were released into the environment by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011 are widely known to have extensively migrated to Pacific Ocean sediment off of eastern Japan. Several recent reports have stated that the sedimentary Cs is now stable with a remarkably heterogeneous distribution. The present study elucidate...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is the movement and transfer (i.e., flux) of water as a liquid at the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere as a gas. ET is a combination of open water evaporation and plant transpiration ( , which is the Sublimation transition of solid water (i.e., ice, snow) to vapor due to low atmospheric pressure (i.e., high altitude), dry air and high sunlight, is generally considered s...

Pilot reports from special turbulence-reporting periods were used t o investigate methods of analyzing and forecasting clear-air turbulence over the United States. Meteorological analyses for the special reporting periods were made objectively by computer using only standard upper air rawinsonde measurements. The wind analyses were built upward from the 400-mb level to the 200-mb level using th...

A simple coupled flux and sea state model is developed. It is applicable to low, moderate, and high wind speeds, with a nonarbitrary wave age. It is fully consistent with an atmospheric flux parameterization. The flux model includes the influence of capillary waves on surface stress, which dominate surface stress on a waveperturbed surface for U10 , 7 m s21. The coupled model is verified for co...