abstract the aim of this study is to determine the level of people’s awareness and willingness towards the protection of persian wild ass (equus hemionus onager), to recommend solutions that can improve management and conservation of this species. in this descriptive-analytical study, 660 people from fars province were chosen via the clustered method. a questionnaire comprising items about the ...

A concept of agent-based approach to timetabling problem is presented. Based on the problem description and with its formalization the term “agent” is introduced. Agents act on behalf of entities taking part in the timetabling process (activities, rooms and students) and they interact to maximize their own utility. Also a brief overview of existing approaches is presented. 1. University Timetab...

A mathematical programming approach is developed for deriving estimates of the willingness-to-pay of water customers for improvements in water supply reliability. Reliability is represented as a probability distribution of different shortage levels, allowing the valuation of different profiles of water supply reliability. The approach is examined analytically and a two-stage linear programming ...