Hunt and Crossley proposed a general expression of the contact force in 1975. The dissipative term has two exponents: exponent indentation depth that velocity. Because it is almost impossible to obtain an analytical solution based on expression, more than twenty continuous models have been developed simplification expression. In these studies, was set as 0.25, 0.5, 0.65, 1.0 or 1.5, velocity 1....

Adaptive motion, internal force, and external contact force control of multiple manipulators handling a constrained object is solved in this paper. Parametric uncertainties may exist in the manipulators and in the object as well as in the friction coeficients of contact surfaces. A set of transformed dynamic equations are obtained in the joint space, in which internal force and external contact...

The paper reports an experimental study of the adhesive contact between liquid-bridged hydrogel microparticles. A novel nanomechanical tester has been developed to measure both force-approach curves at sub-micro resolutions as well side-view images two agarose spheres during pull-off. Meanwhile, JKR theory extended quantify work adhesion solid-liquid-vapor interface and Young’s modulus particle...

Friction forces in the tip-sample contact govern the dynamics of contact mode atomic force microscopy. In ambient conditions typical contact radii between tip and sample are in the order of a few nanometers. In order to account for the large interaction area the dynamics of contact mode atomic force microscope (AFM) is investigated under the assumption of a multi-asperity contact interface betw...