Rawls is one of the most important philosophers in American and Western thought 20th century. His main theoretical contributions are reappropriation social contract natural law doctrines political philosophy, a comprehensive exposition his basic theory "justice as fairness," profound criticism utilitarianism. The two principles justice that he repeatedly discusses highlight equality citizens sh...

The classical problem of the dining philosphers is solved and implemented with Java threads, without central coordination. Apart from the initialization the program is symmetric. The philosophers are the synchronized objects whereas the forks between the philosophers are unsynchronized. It is proved that every hungry philosopher eats within bounded delay, in a certain formalized sense.

Thomas Edison is often credited with creating the first research laboratory. a Legend has it that when a new hire asked about the rules of the lab, Edison responded with a wisecrack: " We don't have rules. We're trying to accomplish something. " What do we try to accomplish in research? Research has an exciting objective, for in it we are trying to ask and answer the most difficult questions kn...

The study of memory in philosophy is associated with the search for answers to a wide range questions that are detailed different areas scientific knowledge. In this regard, philosophers turn theoretical concepts sociology, cultural studies, history, psychology, anthropology and other sciences. Western philosophy, has long tradition based on principle rationality. Researchers have developed con...

In this paper we show how quantitative program logic [14] provides a formal framework in which to promote standard techniques of program analysis to a context where probability and nondeterminism interact, a situation common to probabilistic distributed algorithms. We show that overall performance can be formulated directly in the logic and that it can be derived from local properties of compon...

A problem that often arises in using abstraction is the generation of abstract states, called spurious states, that are—in the abstract space—reachable from some abstract image of a state s, but which have no corre-image of a state s, but which have no corresponding state in the original space reachable from s. Spurious states can have a negative effect on pattern database sizes and heuristic q...

In this paper we show how quantitative program logic 13] provides a formal framework in which to promote standard techniques of program analysis to a context where probability and nondeterminism interact, a situation common to probabilistic distributed algorithms. We show that overall performance can be formulated directly in the logic and that it can be derived from local properties of compone...

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What we are going to address in this article is the lexical introduction of word despair, meaning Word. Vocabulary, an from perspective etymology or illusion. Such various meanings terms Quranic, literary and philosophical. The main purpose critique concepts works despair poetry Third Brotherhood Western philosophers Spinoza Nietzsche. This emphasizes poems for teachings Holy Quran. We have use...

We evaluate the performance of five of the most well-known selfstabilizing dining philosophers algorithms in a read/write atomicity model. The algorithms are evaluated under interleaving, power-set and synchronous execution semantics. For all algorithms, we compute latency and throughput of critical section access, as well as the number of safety violations. These metrics are computed under var...