AIM To investigate cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS A neuropsychological test battery, including subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and III, Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Stroop Color-Word Test, and Trail Making Test, which assessed verbal and visual short...

The present study examined the factor structure of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children– Fourth Edition, Spanish (WISC–IV Spanish, Wechsler, 2005a) with normative sample participants aged 6–16 years (N = 500) using confirmatory factor analytic techniques not reported in the WISC– IV Spanish Manual (Wechsler, 2005b). For the 10 core subtest configuration, 1 through 4, firstorder factor m...

Background: Various studies have documented age-related changes in cognitive abilities and neural basis. Objectives: To investigate the role of neuropsychological function tests in predicting amnestic mild cognitive impairment in the elderly. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study with a correlational design, the study population included elderly people over 60 years old residing ...

scores at high levels of adaptive functioning will have poorer precision (i.e., higher SEMs) than those at low levels. SUMMARY. The Vineland–II was designed to be an easily used, standardized measure of key domains of adaptive behavior–Communication, Daily Living Skills, and Socialization–that play a prominent role in the diagnosis of mental retardation and other developmental disabilities. The...

Clinicians can use the prevalence of low scores to help interpret test performance. However, this information is limited for most test batteries. In 2007, Crawford, Garthwaite, and Gault presented Monte Carlo simulation software for estimating the base rates of low scores for any battery of tests. The purpose of this study is to examine the accuracy of a Monte Carlo simulation program for estim...

One of the important questions that needs to be considered when evaluating cognitive functioning in older adults is whether the scores on the tests have the same meaning as they do in young and middle-aged adults. While it is generally agreed that crystallized intelligence (Gc) measures such as those derived from vocabulary subtests tend to ‘‘hold’’ well with age, barring neurological complicat...

Estimating premorbid cognitive functioning is an important part of any neuropsychological evaluation. This estimate is the benchmark against which current cognitive functioning is compared to establish the existence, degree, and rate of cognitive decline. Typically methods used to estimate premorbid cognitive functioning are based on; (1) demographic information, (2) combined current test perfo...

Recent studies using Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised (WRAT-R) Reading scores as estimates of premorbid abilities have demonstrated that distinct neuropsychological deficit profiles may be associated with specific cognitive disorders such as traumatic brain injury [Brain Inj. 9 (1995) 377] and lupus [Appl. Neuropsychol. 7 (2000) 96], and that these deficit scores predict both functional and ...

The etiology of the observed relationship between reading and mathematics performance was examined by analyzing data from samples of same-sex twin pairs tested in the Colorado Learning Disabilities Research Center. Bivariate phenotypic and genetic structural equation models were fitted to data from 526 twin pairs selected for reading deficits (290 identical and 236 same-sex fraternal) and 355 c...