The Mini Grand Challenge outdoor robot design contest was developed at the Penn State Abington campus to promote advances in robot education and technology. Partly inspired by the DARPA Grand Challenge, ground robots must navigate unmarked pathways on a suburban college campus and reach waypoint goals. Robots must also interact and entertain spectators during travel along the designated route. ...

Tactile displays consisting of tactors located around the user’s waist are a proven means for displaying directions in the horizontal plane. These displays use the body location of tactors to express directions. In current implementations the number of directions that can be expressed is limited to the number of tactors. However, the required number of tactors might not be available or their co...

In a quadcopter, navigation system is needed to monitor the position and control movement of quadcopter. recent years, based on longitude latitude coordinates has been developed, namely waypoint system. This flight works maintain actual direction quadcopter its destination. Thus, authors designed using method which can walk autonomously from one coordinate point another or GPS (Global Positioni...

This paper proposes a method to reduce the cost of a core-based group-shared multicast tree, where the cost is evaluated by the total bandwidth consumption of multicasting packets among all group members. Due to the broadcast nature of radio transmissions, we find that the challenge of determining minimum cost multicast tree can be approximated by finding the multicast tree with a minimum numbe...

In the last few years, there has been an increasing concern about stochastic properties of contact-based metrics under general mobility models in delay-tolerant networks. Such a concern will provide a first step toward detailed performance analysis of various routing/forwarding algorithms and shed light on better design of network protocols under realistic mobility patterns. However, throughout...