Amplitude modulated continuous wave (AMCW) lidar systems commonly suffer from non-linear phase and amplitude responses due to a number of known factors such as aliasing and multipath inteference. In order to produce useful range and intensity information it is necessary to remove these perturbations from the measurements. We review the known causes of non-linearity, namely aliasing, temporal va...

Waveform LiDAR systems is widely used in several fields such as terrain survey, disaster monitoring and forest monitoring. Especially, in forest research, using an echo signal is expected for understanding structural characteristics of the forest. However, an echo signal highly depends on the sensor configuration, the footprint size, the canopy structure, and terrain condition. Therefore, it is...

Unlike airborne multi-echo laser scanner systems, full-waveform systems are able to digitize and record the entire backscattered signal of each laser pulse. It has been demonstrated that decomposing the return waveforms into a mixture of Gaussian components was suitable. In this paper, we focus on the improvement of peak detection and of raw signal modelling. Refined peak detection greatly incr...

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the use of a waveform lidar system from a ground based vehicle. Data was collected using a Riegl LMS Q560 laser scanner mounted on the roof of a Landrover driven along a 7 km stretch of coastline at Filey Bay, North Yorkshire, UK. An IMU and differential GPS unit, part of IGI’s AeroControl system, were used to provide measurement of senso...

a Joint Remote Sensing Research Program, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia b Remote Sensing Centre, Science Delivery, Department of Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts, 41 Boggo Road, QLD 4102, Australia c Department of Geography and NERC National Centre for Earth Observation University Colleg...

Third generation LIDAR full-waveform (FW) based systems collect 1D FW signals of the echoes generated by laser pulses of wide bandwidth reflected at the intercepted objects to construct depth profiles along each pulse path. By emitting a series of pulses towards a scene using a predefined scanning pattern, a 3D image containing spatialdepth information can be constructed. Unfortunately, acquisi...

As an active remote sensing technique airborne laser scanning (ALS) is able to capture the topography with high precision even for densely forested areas. Due to the high pulse repetition frequency of up to 400 kHz a high sampling rate on the ground can be achieved, which allows the description of the terrain surface in decimeter scale. In this contribution two approaches to characterize terrai...