the scarcity of water resources and supply resources limitation, have caused an increasing gap between water supply and demand specially in recent decades in almost all regions of the globe. one of the best known solutions proposed by the economists is using the different water pricing approaches thereby obtaining the optimal allocation and social justice. to this purpose, this paper uses the p...

Abstract The complex nature of podzolic soils makes investigating their subsurface challenging. Near-surface geophysical techniques, like electromagnetic induction (EMI), offer significant assistance in studying soils. Multi-coil (MC-EMI) and multi-frequency (MF-EMI) sensors were selected to maximize soil water content (SWC) prediction this study. objectives (i) compare apparent electrical cond...

Research into renewable energy is an active field of research, with photovoltaic and wind being the most representative technologies. A promising source Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), based on temperature gradient seawater. This technology has two contradictory features, as its efficiency relatively low while, other hand, almost unlimited. OTEC research focused optimizing extraction, d...

irrigated agriculture is an important contributor to the expansion of national food supplies and is expected to play a major role in food security of developing countries. such countries face water crisis for securing the food staples. well designed water resource policies potentially can improve the water allocation and use efficiency as well as the food security objectives. this paper present...