introduction: there are several methods for evaluating microleakage in dentistry, for example dye or bacterial leakage, electro-chemical methods, radioisotope labeling and fluid filtration. the purpose of this study was to assemble the fluid filtration system for quantitative evaluation of microleakage in dental materials. materials and methods: the roots were connected to a tube filled with an...

Sound decision-making processes for investments in water supply systems need to be developed. This need arises from the problem observed in developing countries of a growing demand for water supply projects coupled with a lack of financial resources available to invest in them. A second problem is the selection of a locality that is most in need of assistance for the implementation of the water...

Located in the southeast region of Brazil, Cantareira System consists six interconnected reservoirs and supplies around 14 million people state São Paulo. Built 1970s, when extensive fluviometric series were not available region, system underwent several operating rules that culminated water crisis caused by 2014/2015 drought. This article makes a brief critical account what has been experience...

Background: Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an increasingly common method of desalination. A full scale water desalination system by membrane technology (RO) evaluated in a southern city (Jask) in Iran. Methods: First, data collection on water supply and network were performed. Analysis on most of the water quality parameters (Turbidity, pH, EC, Cl-, Na+, Alkalinity, Ca, Na, K, No3, No2, Fe, Mg, Mn, NH...

abstract in order to evaluate crop water stress index (cwsi) and canopy temperature of wheat cultivars under terminal drought stress, a field experiment was conducted at the agricultural research station of shiraz university, shiraz, during 2009 growing season. five wheat cultivars including shiraz, bahar, pishtaz, sistan and yavaros and four levels of water regime including well watering [irr...

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OBJECTIVE Long-term arsenic exposure has been reported to associated with prevalence, incidence, and mortality of diabetes mellitus (DM). A tap water supply system was implemented in the early 1960s in the blackfoot disease (BFD) endemic areas. The objective of this study is to examine whether DM mortality decreased after the improvement of drinking water supply system through elimination of ar...

This study compares the performance of five electrical water heater models in the TRNSYS environment. The main capabilities, modeling assumptions and performance of the models are first assessed using an intermodel comparison. The main criteria for comparison are: domestic hot water supply temperature, power demand (time-dependent profile and overall energy use) and vertical temperature distrib...