In this paper a new equation for calculating the nanofluid viscosity by considering the Brownian motion of nanoparticles is introduced. The relative velocity between the base fluid and nanoparticles has been taken into account. This equation presents the nanofluid viscosity as a function of the temperature, the mean nanoparticle diameter, the nanoparticle volume fraction, the nanoparticle densi...

nanofluid is a new class of heat transfer fluids engineered by dispersing metallic or non-metallic nanoparticles with a typical size of less than 100 nm in the conventional heat transfer fluids.this article aims to investigate the overall and convection heat transfer coefficient and nusselt number of al2o3-water nanofluid flowing in a horizontal double pipe heat exchanger under turbulent flow (...

This work investigates the convective heat transfer enhancement of water-based nanofluids in pipe exchanger used for ethanol condensation process. The were produced with different nature nanoparticles, Cu, Fe3O4, MWCNT, and graphene, volume concentration 0.01–0.1%, using surfactants. These nanoparticles are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), spe...

Nanofluids are composed of nano-sized particles dispersed in a carrier liquid. The present investigation’s aim is to examine theoretically the magneto-thermomechanical coupling phenomena heated nanofluid on stretched surface presence magnetic dipole impact. Fourier’s law heat conduction used evaluate transmission rate fluids ethylene glycol and water along with suspended nanoparticles cobalt–ch...

The removal of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from water is highly needed because of their increasing use and potential risk to the environment due to their toxic effects. Catalysis over AgNPs has received significant attention because of their highly catalytic performance. However, their use in practical applications is limited due to high cost and limited resources. Here, we present for the fir...

sometimes the need for non-circular ducts arises in many heat transfer applications because of lower pressure drop of non-circular cross section such as square duct compared to circular tube, particularly in compact heat. but square cross section has poor heat transfer performance and it is expected that using a nanofluid as a new heat transfer media may improve the heat transfer performance of...

Viscosity is a crucial thermophysical feature of substance that must be accurately determined before designing system with nanofluid as the working fluid. In this study, modern technique committee machine intelligent (CMIS) used for establishing predictive model relative viscosity water-based nanofluids. The was developed by considering 1440 experimental data points different types nanofluids c...

the present work is an experimental study of steady state convective heat transfer of de-ionized water with a (0.04% by volume) volume fraction of al2o3 nanoparticles dispersed to form a nanofluid that flows through an aluminium tube.laminar fully developed flow heat transfer coefficient of al2o3 nanoparticles are dispersed in water in circular tube is discussed in this paper. in order to valid...

This paper presents a numerical study of heat transfer to turbulent and laminar Cu/water flow over a backward-facing step. Mathematical model based on finite volume method with a FORTRAN code is used to solve the continuity, momentum, energy and turbulence equations. Turbulence was modeled by the shear stress transport (SST) K–x Model. In this simulation, three volume fractions of nanofluid (0%...

Dynamic viscosity values for three particular water-based nanofluids have been experimental determined using a commercial ‘piston-type’ viscometer. Viscosity data, expressed as a function of temperature and particle volume fraction, are presented for 29nm particle-size CuO-water and Al2O3-water with 36nm and 47nm particle-sizes, temperatures up to 75°C and particle volume fraction up to 9%. In ...