The paper reports the results of an empirical study on the profitability of rice cultivation in the rural areas of Allahabad by wastewater irrigation from natural drainage. The results show that plots using wastewater containing organic nutrients earn higher profits than those using groundwater. However, we also find the profitability of plots using wastewater negatively affected by the presenc...

One possible way to address both water and energy shortage issues, the two of major global challenges, is to recover energy and water resource from wastewater. Herein, a novel electrochemical membrane bioreactor (EMBR) was developed to recover energy from wastewater and meantime harvest clean water for reuse. With the help of the microorganisms in the biocatalysis and biodegradation process, ne...

water crisis is an important issue in arid regions like iran and has been exacerbated because of successive droughts recently. so the use of unconventional water is increasing in places where there is no good-quality water. one of these resources is urban wastewater that can provide nutrient for plant and if it has no negative impact on soil and water, it can be used for irrigation in de desert...

The volume of wastewater generated by domestic, industrial, and commercial sources has increased with population, urbanization, improved living conditions, and economic development. The productive use of wastewater has also increased, as millions of small-scale farmers in urban and periurban areas of developing countries depend on wastewater or wastewater-polluted water sources to irrigate high...

water scarcity, its necessity in food production, and environmental protection in the world have forced human beings to seek new water sources. nowadays, application of unconventional water resources (wastewater) has been proposed in countries facing the crisis of water resources shortage; however, a few studies have dealt with this issue. the present study has evaluated the changes in the elem...

In 1990, the private company Aquafin was founded and assigned with the task of the design, construction, operation and financing of the necessary infrastructure for sewage treatment. One of the challenges Aquafin is facing now is to upgrade the patrimonium of old municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). These plants need to be retrofitted towards strict phosphorus and nitrogen removal con...

Wastewater is the spent or used water containing dissolved or suspended solids such as pollutants and microbes, including nutrients. The wastewater discharged into the water bodies are hazardous to environment and cause various health problems in human beings. Eutrophication is one such major environmental problem caused due to the discharge of nutrient rich wastewater into the nearby water bod...

Although reclaimed water for potable applications has many potential benefits, it poses concerns for chemical and microbial risks to consumers. We present a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) Monte Carlo framework to compare a de facto water reuse scenario (treated wastewater-impacted surface water) with four hypothetical Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) scenarios for Norovirus, Cryptospor...

An overview is presented on the projects that are being carried out by Water Quality and Treatment Laboratory team of LNEC which use activated carbon based technologies for treating water or wastewater. Emphasis is given to the chemical enhancement of conventional wastewater treatment using “green” powdered activated carbon options, hybrid adsorption/ membrane processes or biologically active c...