BACKGROUND The present study was undertaken to examine the usefulness of both vitrification and assisted hatching (AH) on blastocysts that originate from embryos showing different qualities during their cleavage stage. METHODS A total of 281 blastocysts were vitrified (93 vitrification-warming cycles) in a mixture of ethylene glycol-dimethylsulphoxide-Ficoll and sucrose using the Hemi-Straw (...

Warming-induced release of CO2 from the large carbon (C) stores in arctic soils could accelerate climate change. However, declines in the response of soil respiration to warming in long-term experiments suggest that microbial activity acclimates to temperature, greatly reducing the potential for enhanced C losses. As reduced respiration rates with time could be equally caused by substrate deple...

The principal objective of this study was to derive an improved procedure for cryopreservation of swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) spermatozoa. Experiments were conducted to determine effects of cooling rate, intermediate plunge temperature and warming rate on motility and acrosome integrity of spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were obtained from three bulls (three ejaculates/bull) and were subjected to ...

In a recent letter, Ricke andCaldeira (2014Environ. Res. Lett. 9 124002) estimated that the timing between an emission and themaximum temperature response is a decade on average. In their analysis, they took into account uncertainties about the carbon cycle, the rate of ocean heat uptake and the climate sensitivity but did not consider one important uncertainty: the size of the emission. Using ...

In a recent letter, Ricke andCaldeira (2014Environ. Res. Lett. 9 124002) estimated that the timing between an emission and themaximum temperature response is a decade on average. In their analysis, they took into account uncertainties about the carbon cycle, the rate of ocean heat uptake and the climate sensitivity but did not consider one important uncertainty: the size of the emission. Using ...

In a recent letter, Ricke andCaldeira (2014Environ. Res. Lett. 9 124002) estimated that the timing between an emission and themaximum temperature response is a decade on average. In their analysis, they took into account uncertainties about the carbon cycle, the rate of ocean heat uptake and the climate sensitivity but did not consider one important uncertainty: the size of the emission. Using ...

In a recent letter, Ricke andCaldeira (2014Environ. Res. Lett. 9 124002) estimated that the timing between an emission and themaximum temperature response is a decade on average. In their analysis, they took into account uncertainties about the carbon cycle, the rate of ocean heat uptake and the climate sensitivity but did not consider one important uncertainty: the size of the emission. Using ...

Lake Tanganyika, the deepest and most voluminous lake in Africa, has warmed over the last century in response to climate change. Separate analyses of surface warming rates estimated from in situ instruments, satellites, and a paleolimnological temperature proxy (TEX86) disagree, leaving uncertainty about the thermal sensitivity of Lake Tanganyika to climate change. Here, we use a comprehensive ...

Three methods of warming intravenous (IV) fluids were examined. An in-line blood warmer was generally ineffective at flow rates of < 250 mL/hr but did produce temperatures of 30 to 31 degrees C at the catheter when the infusion rate was 500 to 1,000 mL/hr and the tubing was insulated. An in-line hot water bath produced temperatures of > or = 30 degrees C at flow rates of 200 to 1,000 mL/hr with...

In a recent letter, Ricke andCaldeira (2014Environ. Res. Lett. 9 124002) estimated that the timing between an emission and themaximum temperature response is a decade on average. In their analysis, they took into account uncertainties about the carbon cycle, the rate of ocean heat uptake and the climate sensitivity but did not consider one important uncertainty: the size of the emission. Using ...