The trophic habits, size and condition of yearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) caught early in their marine residence were examined during 19 survey years (1981-1985; 1998-2011). Juvenile salmon consumed distinct highly piscivorous diets in cold and warm ocean regimes with major differences between ocean regimes driven by changes in consumption of juvenile rockfishes, followed by ...

The use of banked human tissue, obtained with informed consent after elective surgical procedures, represents a powerful model for understanding underlying mechanisms of diseases or therapeutic interventions and for establishing prognostic markers. However, donated tissues typically have varying times of warm ischaemia in situ due to blood arrest or cold ischaemia due to procurement and transpo...

OBJECTIVE To study the long-term effects on symptoms and physical function of a 4-week rehabilitation programme for patients with fibromyalgia, and to determine whether there are any differences if this programme is applied in a warm or cold climate. METHODS A total of 132 patients with fibromyalgia were randomized to a rehabilitation programme in a warm or cold climate, or to a control group...

Kinetic behavior was evaluated by a scoring system of objectand body-focused hand movements and observed in 24 female college students, 12 field independent (F-I) and 12 field dependent (F-D). The 5s were observed under three videotaped interview conditions: cold association, warm association, and warm interchange. Gestural behavior distinguished F-I and F-D groups within each of the three cond...

Wester TE, Cherry AD, Pollock NW, Freiberger JJ, Natoli MJ, Schinazi EA, Doar PO, Boso AE, Alford EL, Walker AJ, Uguccioni DM, Kernagis D, Moon RE. Effects of head and body cooling on hemodynamics during immersed prone exercise at 1 ATA. J Appl Physiol 106: 691–700, 2009. First published November 20, 2008; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.91237.2008.—Immersion pulmonary edema (IPE) is a condition with ...

Immersion pulmonary edema (IPE) is a condition with sudden onset in divers and swimmers suspected to be due to pulmonary arterial or venous hypertension induced by exercise in cold water, although it does occur even with adequate thermal protection. We tested the hypothesis that cold head immersion could facilitate IPE via a reflex rise in pulmonary vascular pressure due solely to cooling of th...

Insects experience repeated cold exposure (RCE) on multiple time scales in natural environments, yet the majority of studies of the effects of cold on insects involve only a single exposure. Three broad groups of experimental designs have been employed to examine the effects of RCE on insect physiology and fitness, defined by the control treatments: 'RCE vs cold', which compares RCE with consta...

We tested the hypothesis that cooling the extradural space may provoke shivering, by giving three 80-ml extradural injections of warm (39.8 +/- 1.2 degrees C) or cold (17 +/- 2.2 degrees C) saline to four healthy volunteers, whilst recording central temperature and electromyographic activity from four muscles. The first injection (always cold) did not induce shivering in any of the subjects. Th...

800x600 normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 background: this study’s aim was to design and validate a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (ffq) for assessment of fruits and vegetables (fv) consumption in adults of isfahan by comparing the ffq with dietary reference method and blood plasma levels of beta-carotene, vitamin c, and retinol. methods: t...