We hypothesized that representations of social interactions in REM and non-REM (NREM) dreams would reflect differing regional brain activation patterns associated with the two sleep states, and that levels of aggressive interactions would be higher in REM than in NREM dreams. One hundred REM, 100 NREM, and 100 wake reports were collected in the home from 8 men and 7 women using the Nightcap sle...

Most previous low-power personal computer designs have been either focused on power efficiency improvement or on software power management in the working states. This research aims to reduce the total standby power amount in the off state. The authors accomplish the goal of reducing the power consumption by a wake-up device which is replaced by a chip with a still lower consumption. The authors...

673 A NUMBER OF RECENT REVIEWS PROVIDE DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE NEUROLOGIC SUBSTRATES CONTROLLING SLEEP-WAKE systems.1-6 The reader is also referred to an extensive consideration of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.7 Our recent minireview focused on developmental events related to the decrease in REM sleep, including its relationship to other developmental changes, the rol...

Wireless sensor networks are networks with low power nodes and limited processing. The main problem in these networks is energy. This resource is not replaceable or rechargeable. Therefore, optimal energy consumption for wsn protocols is a necessity. In a number of proposed protocols periodic sleep and wake is used for energy use reduction but these protocols result in increased end to end dela...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to validate the Actiwatch with behaviorally determined sleepe wake state in preterm infants and to explore the influence of postmenstrual age on the accuracy of Actiwatch. Methods: A prospective and comparative research design was used. Twenty-four preterm infants with postmenstrual age ranging from 28e38 weeks were studied. The infants were studied for 2 ...

Pharmacological studies in mammals and zebrafish suggest that histamine plays an important role in promoting arousal. However, genetic studies using rodents with disrupted histamine synthesis or signaling have revealed only subtle or no sleep/wake phenotypes. Studies of histamine function in mammalian arousal are complicated by its production in cells of the immune system and its roles in humor...

Sleep-like states are characterized by massively reduced behavioral activity. Little is known about genetic control of sleep-like behavior. It is also not clear how general activity levels during wake-like behavior influence activity levels during sleep-like behavior. Mutations that increase wake-like activity are generally believed to also increase activity during sleep-like behavior and mutat...

This mini-review article presents the remarkable progress that has been made in the past decade in our understanding of the neural circuitry underlying the regulation of sleep-wake states and circadian control of behaviors. Following a brief introduction to sleep architecture and physiology, the authors describe the neural circuitry and neurotransmitters that regulate sleep and cortical arousal...