Monte Carlo simulations are performed to determine the critical percolation threshold for interpenetrating square objects in two dimensions and cubic objects in three dimensions. Simulations are performed for two cases: (i) objects whose edges are aligned parallel to one another and (ii) randomly oriented objects. For squares whose edges are aligned, the critical area fraction at the percolatio...

This paper investigates volume fraction phi and specific surface area s for statistically homogeneous systems of partially penetrating spheres, i.e. so-called 'cherry-pit models'. In contrast to the version where the pits form an equilibrium system of hard spheres, here pits or hard spheres are considered which are packed, can be in direct contact, and form a nonequilibrium distribution. For th...

Experimental and phase field studies of age hardening response of a high purity Al-4Cu-1Li-0.25Mn-alloy (mass %) during isothermal aging are conducted. In the experiments, two hardening phases are identified: the tetragonal θ' (Al₂Cu) phase and the hexagonal T₁ (Al₂CuLi) phase. Both are plate shaped and of nm size. They are analyzed with respect to the development of their size, number density ...

If the shape memory alloy is subjected to the subloop loading under the stress-controlled condition, creep and creep recovery can appear based on the martensitic transformation. In the design of shape memory alloy elements, these deformation properties are important since the deflection of shape memory alloy elements can change under constant stress. The conditions for the progress of the marte...

D*kiauaki = Dijkiauaki + /°,% (4) which is Eq. (4.4) of [1], where / is the volume fraction of voids. The average transformation strain, e*, in (4) must, however, be obtained for the case when the stresses (and not the strains) are regarded to be prescribed. Therefore, in the integral equation (2.13) of [1], ek/ must be replaced by ek/ defined by (2) above, if Eq. (4) is used to calculate D*. F...

Structures of two derivatives of the curved fluoradene ring system (C(19)H(12)) have been determined. Both have phases that are highly pseudosymmetric. At room temperature crystals of 7b-triisopropylsilylfluoradene (C(28)H(32)Si) have a P1 cell that contains two independent molecules (Z' = 2) and that is almost centered. Crystals of 7b-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)fluoradene (C(25)H(14)N(2)O(4)) have bot...

Experiments involving vibrating pastes before drying were performed for the purposes of controlling the crack patterns that appear in the drying process. These experiments revealed a transition in the direction of lamellar cracks from perpendicular to parallel when compared with the direction of the initial external vibration as the solid volume fraction of the paste is decreased. This result s...

Dissolution of a trapped non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) in soils and aquifers is a matter of great interest for the remediation of contaminated geological structures. In this work, the Volume Averaging Method is used to upscale the ``active dispersion'' phenomenon, taking into account both dispersion and dissolution of the NAPL. The method provides a macroscopic equation involving a dispersion...

We measure the two-point density correlations and Voronoi cell distributions of cyclically sheared granular spheres obtained with a fluorescence technique and compare them with random packing of frictionless spheres. We find that the radial distribution function g(r) is captured by the Percus-Yevick equation for initial volume fraction ϕ=0.59. However, small but systematic deviations are observ...

Low-energy forward-recoil spectrometry studies show that the interface between polystyrene sAd and a miscible blend of two poly(styrene-co-4-bromostyrene)s sB:Cd has an interfacial excess of B, z B, where B is the component with the lower bromostyrene level. At 170 ±C, z B increases with the bulk volume fraction of B, fB`, has a maximum near 0.25, and then decreases. These results are in qualit...