the importance of vocabulary learning has been underlined in the field of english for academic purposes (eap) because non-english majors who require reading english texts in their fields of study have to expand their english vocabulary knowledge much more efficiently than ordinary esl/efl learners. since academic vocabulary instruction in iranian universities is realized through the use of gene...

this study aims to compare the effects of four types of ffi on second language vocabulary learning. to do so, the study adopted a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design, including five groups, each receiving a distinct treatment. the participants were 80 fourth-grade male students ranging in age from 17 to 19. before the treatment phase, the participants took a researcher-made test of vocab...

The present study aimed at investigating the effect of peer and teacher scaffolding through a process approach in a technology-enhanced environment on vocabulary learning among high and low self-regulated learners. Participants of the study were 120 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners who were selected based on their scores on a sample copy of the Oxford Placement Test (OPT). T...

The Extent of Using the Basic Vocabulary in the First Grade Quran Textbook S. B. Alavi Moghaddam, Ph.D. Textbooks need to be written in such a way that their readers can understand the written texts. One way of ensuring this objective in first grade textbooks would be the use of basic vocabulary, as determined by Ne'matzadeh, et.al. (1384). Considering the importance of the Quran text...

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n engl j med 361;24 nejm.org december 10, 2009 2306 as a link between vaccination schedules and immune-mediated disorders. Such processes are not appropriate for patents in part because, at least in health care, patenting them frustrates the objectives of scientific discovery in at least three ways. First, physicians’ decision making may infringe on such a patent, and liability can also arise f...

The suffix tree — the compacted trie of all the suffixes of a string — is the most important and widely-used data structure in string processing. We consider a natural combinatorial question about suffix trees: for a string S of length n, how many nodes νS(d) can there be at (string) depth d in its suffix tree? We prove ν(n, d) = maxS∈Σn νS(d) is O((n/d) logn), and show that this bound is almos...