Although the use of chest drains is common in medicine, there appear to be wide variations in practice. A survey was therefore conducted to establish the current status of chest drain management in the Northwest region. A questionnaire targeted consultants practising in the specialties of chest medicine, general surgery, accident & emergency and cardiothoracic surgery. The questionnaire consist...

The use of surgical drains in patients undergoing thyroid surgery is standard surgical teaching. Life-threatening complications, arising from post-operative haematomas, mandates their utilization. There is increasing evidence to suggest that this is an outdated practice. This paper determines whether thyroid surgery can be safely performed without the routine use of drains. A retrospective revi...

the dominant traditional view to designing drainage systems explains drainage goals only in terms of crop yield increase and rhizosphere improvement while ignoring the environmental impacts of drainage projects. nowadays, this view has been changed into a new one in which both environmental and agricultural purposes are taken into consideration. depth and spacing of subsoil drains are important...

The drainage of a thin liquid film with an insoluble monolayer down a vertical wall is studied. Lubrication theory is used to develop a model where the film is pinned at the top with a given thickness and the film drains into a bath at the bottom. A nonlinear equation of state is used for the surface tension and the surface viscosity is a nonlinear function of the surfactant concentration; thes...

The coefficient of consolidation in the Terzaghi theory of consolidation has been commonly determined by fitting the theory to observed compression with time in an incremental loading oedometer test. The Terzaghi theory is applicable to compression and swelling. A similar coefficient governed by horizontal permeability is used in the Barron formulation of consolidation with vertical drains. The...

A large-scale trial embankment provided with partially penetrating prefabricated vertical drains (PVD) was installed in consolidating marine clay deposits at East-Port said industrial zone project Egypt. The constructed a bottom area of 150x150m and height 5.5m to evaluate the efficiency improvement system verify design parameters. An intensive instrumentation built-up including shallow settlem...