JMBl Pig. 2. Plot of the qualily factor YS. nuiiiber of periods of the photonic cryslal surrounding the defect region (single removed hole). The lotal quality factor ofthe cavity mode is liibelled as Qn aiid an effective vertical (QI) and in-plane (Q, , ) Q have been defiued in term of power radiated in the vertical and in-plane dircclions, rcspeclively. For only a few periods ofphotonic crysta...

In the present research mixed convection flow through a copper-water nanofluid in a driven cavity in the presence of magnetic field is investigated numerically. The cavity is heated from top and cooled from bottom while its two vertical walls are insulated. The governing equations including continuity, N-S and energy equations are solved over a staggered grid system. The study is conducted for ...

A 40-day-old male Holstein breed calf with a complaint of inability of moving the tongue in and out aswell as difficulties with breastfeeding was referred to the veterinary clinic. A notch in the middle of thetongue tip was evident during oral examination. In addition, a thin tissue band between the ventral surface of the tongue and floor of the oral cavity was seen in the calf. A diagnosis of ...

We have continued high gradient R&D of ICHIRO 9cell cavities at KEK. The maximum gradient of ICHIRO 9-cell cavity #5 that has no end group on beam tubes was still limited around 36MV/m so far. The 9-cell performances were sometimes limited by triggered field emission (FE) by multipactings. We suspected the residual gas in the cavity might be one of the sources of triggered FE. The cavity was cl...

Cavity solitons are stationary self-organized bright intensity peaks which form over a homogeneous background in the section of broad area radiation beams. They are generated by shining a writing/erasing laser pulse into a nonlinear optical cavity, driven by a holding beam. The ability to control their location and their motion by introducing phase or amplitude gradients in the holding beam mak...

Microcavity laser design and performance optimization requires a quantitative knowledge of the cavity optical losses. A generalized method using sub-threshold spectral measurements matched to model calculations is demonstrated to determine optical loss in microcavity lasers. Cold-cavity spectral characteristics are used to extract the size-dependent optical loss for small diameter oxide-confine...

Electrically pumped vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) can produce hundreds of mW's of 976 nm CW output in a TEM00 mode when operated with an external cavity configuration. During pulsed operation (<50ns) a significant increase in the peak power is observed, compared to CW operation. High peak powers makes these lasers very well suited for intra-cavity frequency doubling with a no...

A 7% Yb:YLF crystal is laser cooled to 131 ± 1 K from room temperature by placing it inside the external cavity of a high power InGaAs/GaAs VECSEL operating at 1020 nm with 0.15 nm linewidth. This is the lowest temperature achieved in the intracavity geometry to date and presents major progress towards realizing an all-solid-state compact optical cryocooler.

Self-localized states or dissipative solitons have the freedom of translation in systems with a homogeneous background. When compared to cavity solitons in coherently driven nonlinear optical systems, laser cavity solitons have the additional freedom of the optical phase. We explore the consequences of this additional Goldstone mode and analyze experimentally and numerically frequency and phase...

We achieved a 0.5 Hz optical beat note line width with ~ 0.1 Hz/s frequency drift at 972 nm between two external cavity diode lasers independently stabilized to two vertically mounted Fabry-Perot (FP) reference cavities. Vertical FP reference cavities are suspended in mid-plane such that the influence of vertical vibrations to the mirror separation is significantly suppressed. This makes the se...